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trivia_qa_1505723
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who was the 18th century underworld figure known as the Thief-taker general who was executed at Tyburn in 1725?",
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"content": "ExecutedToday.com » 1725: Jonathan Wild, Thief-Taker General and Receiver of Stolen Goods 1725: Jonathan Wild, Thief-Taker General and Receiver of Stolen Goods May 24th, 2010 Anthony Vaver (Thanks to Anthony Vaver, author and publisher of EarlyAmericanCrime.com for the guest post. Vaver is the author of Bound With An Iron Chain: The Untold Story of How the British Transported 50,000 Convicts to Colonial America . -ed.) A buzz filled the air as people stood on their toes and filled every window in an attempt to get a glimpse of the great Jonathan Wild as he was paraded through the London streets on Monday, May 24, 1725. Despite the festive atmosphere surrounding the procession, Wild appeared to be unmoved by the shouts of the crowd, his attention focused instead on the Bible held open in his hands. After traveling about a third of the way to his destination, the procession stopped at the Griffin Tavern, so that Wild could drink a glass of wine. Not long after leaving the Griffin Tavern, a rock thrown from a window hit Wild in the head, and blood began to pour down his face. The crowd roared with approval and people started to hurl insults at him, along with more stones and dirt. The cart stopped twice more before reaching its final destination: first at the White Lion, where Wild drank another glass of wine, and once again at the Oxford Arms, home of the bare-knuckle boxing champion James Figg , where Wild drank a tankard of beer and even more wine. His next and final stop was Tyburn Hill, where he was scheduled to be executed. Convicts often stopped for drinks at various taverns during their march from Newgate Prison to Tyburn to be executed, so the fact that Wild stopped at three along the way to his execution was not unusual. What was unusual, however, was the fact that he was able to hold down his liquor, given that the previous night at two in the morning he had tried to kill himself in his jail cell by drinking a large dose of laudanum, a concoction of opium dissolved in alcohol. Wild was already in a half-stupefied state before his slow journey to the gallows and his wine drinking had even begun. Wild’s dramatic execution marked a precipitous fall for a man who was perhaps the most influential person in England’s criminal justice system, even though he never held an official government position. As the self proclaimed “Thief-Taker General of Great Britain and Ireland,” Wild was instrumental in capturing and bringing to justice scores of petty thieves that plagued the London streets. He consulted the government on the passage of laws intended to encourage the capture of criminals. He also oversaw a vast criminal empire, the likes of which has never been duplicated. Wild ran an Office for the Recovery of Lost and Stolen Property where people could apply to him for help in recovering their possessions for a fee that fell below what it would cost them to replace the objects. Wild would then use his connections in the criminal underworld to recover the goods and return them to the owner. His business proved to be extremely popular. In addition to recovering lost and stolen property, Wild was particularly adept at catching and prosecuting criminals, a public service that enhanced his general reputation and gained the approval of the authorities. In the absence of a true police force, the government relied on rewards to encourage people to police the streets themselves. Anyone who could capture a thief and convict him or her with evidence received a reward of £40, far more than what most people in England could earn in a year. Wild benefited from this policy by collecting a fee every time he was able to prosecute a criminal. His office, then, essentially served as the de facto “Scotland Yard” of the day. Wild’s knack for catching criminals brought him great renown. He often appeared at trials to give evidence against the criminals he helped to capture. He got to know the bailiffs of the prisons and could be seen socializing in the local taverns with Justices of the Peace. He entertained government officials in his house.",
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trivia_qa_1505724
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which British ship was sunk on the 4th May 1982?",
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"content": "BBC ON THIS DAY | 4 | 1982: Argentines destroy HMS Sheffield 1982: Argentines destroy HMS Sheffield The British ship HMS Sheffield has been hit by an Argentine missile fired from a fighter bomber. It is not clear how many of the 268 crew have perished. The sinking has shocked the British nation and foiled any possible diplomatic solution to the current dispute over the Falkland Islands between Britain and Argentina. The ship caught fire when a French-made Exocet missile penetrated deep into HMS Sheffield's control room. The blaze caused a poisonous smoke and most of the crew abandoned ship. A major rescue operation has been launched in the South Atlantic as relatives thousands of miles back in the UK wait for news of their loved ones. The 4,100-ton destroyer was struck as it carried out a scouting mission off the Falkland Islands, although its exact position is a secret. Announcing the news on television, the spokesman for the Ministry of Defence Secretary, Ian McDonald, said the ship was \"in the course of its duty within the total exclusion zone around the Falkland Isles\". Two missiles were fired by a Super-Etendard fighter bomber. One missed but the other scored a direct hit and ignited a fire. The Exocet missile is designed to skim the sea to avoid radar detection. It has its own radar that guides it to its intended target. The attack follows yesterday's sinking of the Argentine cruiser General Belgrano. An Argentine diplomat in the United States said the destruction of HMS Sheffield was \"justified after the massacre that the English have done shelling our men and our ships\".",
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trivia_qa_1505725
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What two-letter mantra is often uttered at yoga studios?",
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{
"content": "yoga studio | PRANA RISING PRANA RISING RIDE YOUR ENERGY TO THE HIGHEST LEVEL! YOGA. NUTRITION. TONS OF COCONUT WATER. Search Reply They say that time never lies. You can run away from time or try to escape from it. But time will always catch up with you. Time can be measured. Time is accurate. Time is truth. That being said, I am staring at my calendar right now and I am seeing a message loud and clear: Thursday December 18, 2014: Day 358. Directly underneath I see December 25: Day 365. This is it: 1 more week to go until 365 consecutive days of yoga has been achieved. Continue reading → Reply I stare at the latest number and I smile. 330 consecutive days of yoga. No days off. No excuses. Just get on the mat and practice. That has been my life philosophy since December 26, 2013 and nothing has changed. Only my love and appreciation for yoga grows by the day. During the past couple of weeks I started to feel the “symptoms” that have been going around. Tired, cough, congestion- it has come and gone, but lingered for some time. I started to hear the usual talk: take a day off. Rest. Blah blah blah. Minor details. When a commitment to daily yoga is made, there is no time for little setbacks. I have been through illnesses before during the streak and didn’t stop. Yoga only helps the healing process. Yet another benefit of yoga. No surprise. I have learned many things over the past 330 days. But the lesson that I wanted to share was motivation. When you want something really bad, you find a way to make it happen. Life can get tough. Personally and/or professionally. Things will come up. Ups and downs plus everything in-between. Illnesses. Injuries. Time pressures and commitments. The excuses and stories never end. There are often hundreds of reasons of why not to practice. It is easy to give up and stall a practice. But when in one’s mind they want to practice yoga- live yoga- breathe yoga…then there is only one choice. Practice yoga. Get onto the mat and practice. The rest can always be figured out. Be focused and determined. Then the practice will come. And the more practices that are put in, the differences that one will find in life are so great that they cannot be put into words. Daily yoga is life. Namaste Reply During a conversation this afternoon, someone said 5 simple yet powerful words to me. “It’s great to be free.” Taking out the context of the conversation, those words fit well into any lifestyle. Think about it. With the day-to-day stresses that we all go through, at the end of the day- isn’t it just great to be free? With that in mind, I had discovered my new mantra. It’s great to be free. What is a mantra you ask? Webster’s definition includes the following: mantra noun (Concise Encyclopedia) In Hinduism and Buddhism , a sacred utterance (syllable, word, or verse) believed to possess mystical or spiritual power. Mantras may be spoken aloud or uttered in thought, and they may be either repeated or sounded only once. Most have no apparent verbal meaning, but they are thought to have profound significance and to serve as distillations of spiritual wisdom. Repetition of a mantra can induce a trancelike state and can lead the participant to a higher level of spiritual awareness. Widely used mantras include om in Hinduism and om mani padme hum in Tibetan Buddhism . Take a seat. Wherever you are, grab a chair. Sit on the floor. Lie down. It really doesn’t matter. Now close your eyes and extend out your arms onto your knees. Repeat to yourself: It’s great to be free. It’s great to be free. It’s great to be free. Are you feeling it? Good. Welcome to the spiritual power that will truly guide and lead you to the awareness you seek. The awareness of the true and open you. Reply As I stare at the number 300, the meaning starts to become somewhat overwhelming. My studio(s) are currently 3/4 completed a 30 day yoga challenge. An invitation for all yogis to practice every day for 30 days. Now imagine taking those 30 days and repeating that number over and over again 10 times. 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, and 3",
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trivia_qa_1505726
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Selenology is the study of what",
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{
"content": "selenology - definition - English selenology translation and definition \"selenology\", Dictionary English-English online pronunciation: IPA: /sɛliːˈnɒləʤɪ/ SAMPA: /sEli:\"nQl@dZI/ part of speech: noun Definition and similar words in English: en.wiktionary.2016 the study of the moon and several satellites en.wiktionary.2016 the branch of astronomy that deals with the moon en.wiktionary.2016 (astronomy) The scientific study of the Moon. en.wiktionary.2016 The scientific study of the Moon. Thesaurus selenology (usually uncountable, plural selenologies) Example sentences with \"selenology\", translation memory MultiUn Name of flight object: Selenological Engineering Explorer (SELENE) “Kaguya” Common crawl Using \"Rover-1\" to transport themselves and their equipment along portions of Hadley Rille and the Apennine Mountains, Scott and Irwin performed a selenological inspection and survey of the area and collected 180 pounds (82 kg) of lunar surface materials. They deployed an ALSEP package which involved the emplacement and activation of surface experiments, and their lunar surface activities were televised using a TV camera which was operated remotely by ground controllers stationed in the mission control center located at Houston, Texas. MultiUn JAXA launched the Selenological and Engineering Explorer (SELENE) mission to the Moon on ‧ eptember ‧ carrying ‧ instruments, a high-definition television camera and two sub-satellites named Very Long Baseline Interferometer Radio (VRAD) and Relay (Rstar Common crawl [89] On September 14, 2007, it launched lunar orbit explorer \" SELENE \" (Selenological and Engineering Explorer) on an H-IIA (Model H2A2022) carrier rocket from Tanegashima Space Center . Showing page 1. Found 4 sentences matching phrase \"selenology\".Found in 0 ms. Translation memories are created by human, but computer aligned, which might cause mistakes. They come from many sources and are not checked. Be warned.",
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trivia_qa_1505727
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which part of the body is on the Nokia logo?",
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{
"content": "Illuminati Sun Symbolism --World’s 100 Best Brand Logos - 12160 Illuminati Sun Symbolism --World’s 100 Best Brand Logos June 9, 2010 by, Spydaman13 It’s easy to see the sun in the BP logo above, but spotting the cross made with “bp” isn’t as obvious. Like all the World’s 100 Best Brand Logos, the BP logo displays esoteric sun symbolism as directed by the Illuminati. Ironically, BP uses lower case letters for it’s intials. But, purposely it forms the cross next to the sun; all of which represents the sun/son that died on the cross. The illuminati are proud to be “Order of the Sun” and display it on virtually all product logos. Most people see it unwittingly, but it severely impacts us through the subconscious. The Illuminati love to rub our noses in it - esoterically, keeping us in servitude, slaves. It’s no different now than in all of of known history. There’s three methods of sun symbolism used by the Illuminati in the World’s 100 Best Brand logos: Sun-on-cross Triangle (capstone of pyramid) with all-seeing eye Direct That’s it, just three. These are the 2009 World’s 100 Best Brand Logos as presented on: http://www.interbrand.com/best_global_brands.aspx . It is based on brand value begginning with Coca-Cola at $68,734,000 down to Campbells at $3,081,000. I’ve also interweaved (noted with **) the Word’s 20 most Famous Logo Designs as reported here: http://www.toxel.com/design/2008/08/20/20-famous-logo-designs/ . I’ve also interweaved a few other logos (noted with *). 1.0 Sun-on-cross The first method of sun symbolism used by the Illuminati in the World’s Top 100 Brand Logos is the sun-on-cross, or cross-in-circle; represented by the Celtic Cross shown below. The quick explanation is that the circle represents the sun and the sun/son died on the cross. For complete derivation, please see link: http://12160.info/profiles/blogs/illuminati-sun-symbolism-auto-logo... I suggest just looking for the crosses as you scroll down. Xerox – ‘x’ is a cross on the red sphere (sun). Windows – window squares form the borders for a cross in the middle and sits on white circle (sun). Wrigley –earth’s grid lines form crosses on the glowing sphere (sun). Citi –the lower case ‘t’ is the cross and sits below the red arch (top of sun). What makes this so blatant is that the lower case ‘t’ is taller than the capital ‘C’ and capital ‘I’s. At&t –again the lower case ‘t’ makes the cross, twice; and sits next to the white sphere, sun. And, the lower case ‘t’s are taller than the ampersand, which deliberately draws more attention to the crosses. Here is how they would look from a typewriter: t&. Gillete –double ‘t’s provide for two crosses which sit on the nearly circular “G” (sun) with a spark on top. The two ‘l’s make the number eleven, a common occult theme in these logos and I’ll point them out as we go. G E – three crosses are made on the circle, sun. Phillips –four crosses sit on the circle, sun. *LG –drop the dot a bit and it makes a cross with the “L” and line next to it. Of course, our subconscious does this for us. The cross sits on the red circle; i.e. sun. Armani: Hermes –cross is made on the horse body with the straps. The orange wagon wheels are suns. During my research I discovered the only color this logo is ever shown in is orange. Louis Vitton –crosses all over the place. BMW –it doesn’t get more straight forward than this. Other autmaker logos utilizing the same technique include: Lincoln, Olds, Saturn, Chevy, Geo, Pontiac, Cadillac, Dodge, Scion, Fiat, Alfa Romeo, Subaru, Mazerati, Lancia, Maybech, Rolls Royce, Nissan, Opel, and Vauxhall... Suck it! Ford –line through the “F” yields a cross, and so does the ‘r’. They sit on either side of the ‘o’, sun; all of which sits on the glowing, oval background. Porche –the horse is Jesus and sits on the cross of the yellow and red shield –(Rothchild /sun). I’m surprised Cadillac didn’t make the top 100, but if it did it would come next. Ferrari –the horse’s tail and right leg make the horizontal line, and the body and left leg make the vertical line of",
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trivia_qa_1505728
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; \"First premiered in 1786, who wrote the music for the opera, \"\"The Marriage of Figaro\"\"?\"",
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{
"content": "1786: Mozart’s “The Marriage of Figaro” Salzburg Festival 2006 Photo: Monika Rittershaus 1786 Le nozze di Figaro: Figaro, Susanna, Marcellina, Bartolo and Cherubim Salzburg Festival 2006 Photo: Monika Rittershaus With the French revolution in the background, Beaumarchais had written the French comedy “The Barber of Seville”. The piece was considered an open challenge to nobility! Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was intrigued by the material. Furthermore, his favourite librettist Lorenzo da Ponte agreed to collaborate on the project! The result was to be an Italian Opera buffa, “Le Nozze di Figaro”, an independent musical drama full of suspense but without a clear political message. There was only a little room for allusions to the revolution of commoners against nobility. After all, Mozart wanted to avoid having a performance of “The Marriage of Figaro” prohibited by the authorities, something that had happened to different incarnations of the play in Vienna… It was da Ponte’s task to pique the interest of the emperor in the new opera to avoid antagonising him from the very start. Mozart and da Ponte collaborated harmoniously – despite being under extreme time pressure, as always. Mozart still had to make a living for his family on the side. The story of the opera starts where Beaumarchais' play ends: at the court of the Count Almaviva. To win the lady of one’s heart with trickery and imagination… Figaro, the valet of Count Almaviva, is in preparations for his wedding. Susanna, his chosen, is the chamber maid of Countess Rosina. But Count Almaviva has cast an eye on the beautiful Susanna too. The page Cherubino and Marcellina, the count’s housekeeper - to whom Figaro has promised marriage should he be incapable of paying his debts - join the merry fray. Cherubino is an enfant terrible and frequently causes chaos and confusion. The story resembles a modern screwball comedy, with changing disguises, mistaken identities, trickery and outbursts of jealousy. But the happy end is inevitable and Figaro’s marriage can take place. The only revolutionary aspect of Mozart’s “Figaro” is the triumph of the common man over the arrogance of nobility. In one aria, for instance, Cherubino irreverently calls his employer “contino” - little count. Joseph II spotted the little jibe but was not averse to a little bit of mockery at the expense of the Viennese nobility. Mozart and da Ponte had reached their goal: “The Marriage of Figaro” was performed and even rewarded by a fee from the emperor. The world premiere on May 1, 1786, at the Burgtheater in Vienna was not exceptionally successful. The orchestra had difficulties coming to terms with Mozart’s complicated music. The Viennese audience, more attuned to the works of the popular Salieri, were not overly thrilled. One critic wrote: “On the first night, the audience did not really know what to make of it.” “The Marriage of Figaro” in Prague However, Mozart’s opera was far more successful in Prague. After the less than moderate success of his work in Vienna, Mozart found himself in dire need of money again. There still was no permanent employment in sight. Unexpectedly, he was invited to conduct “Figaro” himself in Prague. Mozart travelled to the capital of Bohemia with his wife Constanze. “The Marriage of Figaro” was an overwhelming success. The audience in Prague raved and celebrated Mozart for three weeks. And the money was good: it is said that Mozart made up to one thousand guilders in Prague. Full of hope, the Mozarts returned to Vienna, where the big breakthrough would surely now be inevitable …",
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trivia_qa_1505729
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; \"Who was the star of \"\"8 Mile\"\" (2002) a hip-hop drama film which was a fictionalized account of his growing up in Detroit and early career in rap?\"",
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{
"content": "Watch 8 mile 2002 Online for Free in HD - Download 8 mile 2002 Movie in High Quality Watch Movies Online For Free – Stream Full Length Movies Watch 8 mile 2002 Free Online 8 Mile is a 2002 American hip-hop drama film, directed by Curtis Hanson and starring Eminem, Kim Basinger, Brittany Murphy, and Mekhi Phifer. The film is a fictionalized account of Eminem’s poor growing up in Detroit and early career in rap, and as such the film is set in the underground Detroit hip hop scene in the year 1995. The film depicts white rapper Jimmy “B-Rabbit” Smith Jr. as he struggles for respect among his black peers. The film was successful financially, was well received critically, and won an Academy Award for the Best Original Song for Eminem’s “Lose Yourself”, becoming the first film to have a rap/hip-hop song win an Academy Award. Plot: A rap version of “Saturday Night Fever.” B-Rabbit, a wannabe rapper from the wrong side of Detroit’s 8 Mile, has problems: he dumps his girlfriend when she tells him she’s pregnant; to save money to make a demo tape, he moves into his alcoholic mom’s trailer; his job’s a dead end, and he’s just choked at the local head to head rap contest. Things improve when he meets Alex an aspiring model headed for New York and a fast-talking pal promises to set up the demo. Then new setbacks: Alex isn’t faithful, mom rejects him, rifts surface with his friends, and he’s mugged by rivals. Everything hinges on the next rap showdown at the club. Can B-Rabbit pull truth out of his cap? Cast",
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trivia_qa_1505730
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Osiris was the god of the underworld in the mythology of which ancient civilization?",
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"content": "Osiris | Ancient Egypt Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia in Hieroglyphs Osiris (Greek language, also Usiris; the Egyptian language name is variously transliterated Asar, Aser, Ausar, Wesir, or Ausare) is the Egyptian god of life, death, and fertility. At the height of the ancient Nile civilization, Osiris was regarded as the primary deity of a henotheism. Osiris was not only the merciful judge of the dead in the afterlife, but also the underworld agency that granted all life, including sprouting vegetation and the fertile flooding of the Nile River. Beginning at about 2000 B.C. all men, not just dead pharaohs, were believed to be associated with Osiris at death. The origin of Osiris's name is a mystery, which forms an obstacle to knowing the pronunciation of its hieroglyphic form. The majority of current thinking is that the Egyptian name is pronounced aser where the a is the letter ayin (i.e. a short 'a' pronounced from the back of the throat as if swallowing). Contents [ show ] Origin of name The name was first recorded in Egyptian hieroglyphs only as ws-ir or os-ir because the Egyptian writing system omitted vowels. It is reconstructed to have been pronounced Us-iri (oos-ee-ree) meaning 'Throne of the Eye' and survives into the Coptic language as Ousire. Early mythology Father of Anubis Earlier, when the Ennead and Ogdoad cosmogenies became merged, with the identification of Ra as Atum (Atum-Ra), gradually Anubis , the god of the underworld in the Ogdoad system, was replaced by Osiris, whose cult had become more significant. In order to explain this, Anubis was said to have given way to Osiris out of respect, and, as an underworld deity, was subsequently identified as being Osiris' son. Abydos , which had been a strong centre of the cult of Anubis, became a centre of the cult of Osiris. However, as Isis , Osiris' wife, represented life, in the Ennead, it was considered somewhat inappropriate for her to be the mother of a god associated with death, and so instead, it was usually said that Nephthys , the other of the two female children of Geb and Nut, was his mother. To explain the apparent infidelity of Osiris, it was said that a sexually frustrated Nephthys had disguised herself as Isis to get more attention from her husband, Set , but did not succeed, although Osiris then mistook her for Isis, and they procreated, resulting in Anubis' birth. Father of Horus Later, when Hathor 's identity (from the Ogdoad) was assimilated into that of Isis, Osiris, who had been Isis' husband (in the Ogdoad), became considered her son, and thus, since Osiris was Isis' husband (in the Ennead), Osiris also became considered Horus ' father. Attempts to explain how Osiris, a god of the dead, could give rise to someone so definitely alive as Horus, lead to the development of the Legend of Osiris and Isis , which became the greatest myth in Egyptian mythology. The myth described Osiris as having been killed by his brother Seth who wanted Osiris' throne. Osiris was subsequently resurrected by Anubis. Osiris and Isis gave birth to Horus. As such, since Horus was born after Osiris' resurrection, Horus became thought of as representing new beginnings. This combination, Osiris-Horus, was therefore a life-death-rebirth deity, and thus associated with the new harvest each year. Ptah-Seker (who resulted from the identification of Ptah as Sokar ), who was god of re-incarnation, thus gradually became identified with Osiris, the two becoming Ptah-Seker-Osiris (rarely known as Ptah-Seker-Atum, although this was just the name, and involved Osiris rather than Atum). As the sun was thought to spend the night in the underworld, and subsequently be re-incarnated, as both king of the underworld, and god of reincarnation, Ptah-Seker-Osiris was identified as the sun during the night. Ram god in Hieroglyphs Since Osiris was considered dead, as God of the Dead, Osiris' soul, or rather his Ba , was occasionally worshipped in its own right, almost as if it were a distinct god, especially so in the Delta city of Mendes . This aspect of Osiris was referred to as Banebd",
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trivia_qa_1505731
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In which film was Marilyn Monroe's skirt seen billowing in the air over a subway vent?",
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"content": "Famous Marilyn Monroe “skirt” scene filmed - Sep 15, 1954 - HISTORY.com Famous Marilyn Monroe “skirt” scene filmed Share this: Famous Marilyn Monroe “skirt” scene filmed Author Famous Marilyn Monroe “skirt” scene filmed URL Publisher A+E Networks The famous picture of Marilyn Monroe, laughing as her skirt is blown up by the blast from a subway vent, is shot on this day in 1954 during the filming of The Seven Year Itch. The scene infuriated her husband, Joe DiMaggio, who felt it was exhibitionist, and the couple divorced shortly afterward. Monroe, born Norma Jean Mortensen and also known as Norma Jean Baker, had a tragic childhood. Her mother, a negative cutter at several film studios, was mentally unstable and institutionalized when Norma Jean was five. Afterward, the little girl lived in a series of foster homes, where she suffered from neglect and abuse, and later lived in an orphanage. At age 16, she quit high school and married a 21-year-old aircraft plant worker named Joe Dougherty. In 1944, her husband was sent overseas with the military, and Monroe worked as a paint sprayer in a defense plant. A photographer spotted her there, and she soon became a popular pin-up girl. She began working as a model and divorced her husband two years later. In 1946, 20th Century Fox signed her for $125 a week but dropped her after one film, from which her scenes were cut. Columbia signed her but also dropped her after one film. Unemployed, she posed nude for a calendar for $50; the calendar sold a million copies and made $750,000. Monroe played a series of small film roles until 1950, when Fox signed her again. This time, they touted her as a star and began giving her feature roles in the early 1950s. In 1953, she starred with Jane Russell in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, playing fortune hunter Lorelei Lee. Her tremendous sex appeal and little-girl mannerisms made her enormously popular. After her divorce from baseball legend Joe DiMaggio, Monroe searched for more serious roles and announced she would found her own studio. She began studying acting with the famous Lee Strasberg at the Actors Studio in New York. She gave an impressive comic performance in Bus Stop in 1955. The following year, she married intellectual playwright Arthur Miller. She appeared in the hit Some Like It Hot in 1959. Monroe made her last picture in 1961, The Misfits, which Miller wrote especially for her. She divorced him a week before the film opened. She attempted one more film, Something’s Got to Give, but was fired for her frequent illnesses and absences from the set, which many believed to be related to drug addiction. In August 1962, she died from an overdose of sleeping pills. Her death was ruled a possible suicide. Since her death, her popularity and mystique have endured, with numerous biographies published after her death. Her ex-husband Joe DiMaggio continued to send flowers to her grave every day for the rest of his life. Related Videos",
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trivia_qa_1505732
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What colour are the ‘G’s’ in the regular Google logo?",
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"content": "Can you Identify the Colors of the Google Logo in Order? Search Site Can You Identify the Google Logo Colors in Order? You use Google search and other Google products all day but can you identify the correct Google Logo. This was recently asked at the ‘Who wants to be a Millionaire’ game show on TV. July 19, 2012 You probably use Google search, Reader, Docs and other Google products all day so here’s a quick test to see how well you know the Google Logo that’s prominently displayed on almost every Google page. Take a look at these variations and identify the one image that accurately represents the order of colors found in the original Google logo. Identify the Correct Colors of the Google Logo Google Logo on ‘Who Want to be a Millionaire’ Now the more interesting part. A similar question was asked on the popular “Who wants to be a millionaire” game show and, as you can make out from this TV screen capture, the lady obviously confused. The question displayed on the screen says – “Which of the following is a true statement about the letters in the standard Google logo?” – and the choices are: A. Both “O”s are yellow B. Both “G”s are blue C. The “L” is red D. The “E” is green Just goes on to prove how ubiquitous Google has become.",
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trivia_qa_1505733
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; No.5, 1948 was the world's second most expensive painting (after 'The Card Players') when it was sold in 2006. Who was the American artist?",
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{
"content": "Top 20 Most Expensive Paintings in the World Top 20 Most Expensive Paintings in the World MC Winkel | Abgelegt: Film-/ Fotokunst , Paintings | 25. Mai 2014 um 12:28 | 10 Kommentare # 20. $75.1 million. No 1 (Royal Red and Blue) by Mark Rothko, 2012. The majestic canvas was one of eight works hand-selected by Rothko for his landmark solo show of the same year at the Art Institute of Chicago. Hier haben wir eine schöne Zusammenstellung der teuersten Kunstwerke aller Zeiten, aufgelistet nach den jeweiligen Verkaufspreisen, ersteigert auf Auktionen oder bei einem Privatverkauf. Das Jahr des Verkaufs und – so denn bekannt – der Name von Verkäufer und Käufer sind ebenfalls mit angegeben. Wie zu erwarten sind alle großen Namen, von Picasso über Warhol und von Pollock zu van Gogh, vertreten, einige sogar mehrfach. Die Welt der Kunstsammler ist natürlich eine ganz Eigene und mir wird sich niemals erschließen, warum man über 250 Millionen für ein Ölbild zweier Karten-spielender Herren mit Hut ausgeben sollte. Trotzdem ist es interessant zu sehen, welche Kunstwerke von welchen Künstlern es in der Geschichte der Menschheit bis heute – zumindest aus wirtschaftlicher Sicht – ganz nach vorne geschafft haben. Und falls Euch interessiert, wie die großen Künstler gearbeitet haben, wie das jeweilige Atelier aussah, könnt Ihr hier nochmal nachgucken . „A review of the 20 most expensive pictures of all time, at auction or private sale. Price paid and year of purchase are included.“ #19. $76.7 million. Massacre of the innocents by Peter Paul Ruben, 1610. Bought by Kenneth Thompson at Sotheby’s London, July 2002. The flamboyant and dramatic work by Rubens – though recently some voices discussing its authenticity have been heard could also fight for the title of „most unexpected success“: Christie’s had estimated its price at a mere £5 million. #18. $78,100,000. Pierre-Auguste Renoir – Le Moulin de la Galette. At the time of its sale in 1990, it was the second most expensive painting ever sold. This masterpiece even went to the same person that bought number one at the time, Daishowa Paper Manufacturing Co. chairman Ryoei Saito. Again, he wanted this one cremated with him as well, but his companies ran into problems with loans and debt so it had to be sold on as collateral. #17. $80 million. Turquoise Marilyn by Andy Warhol, 1964-2007. Bought by Mr. Steve Cohen, the price was not confirmed but is generally accepted to be true #16. $80,000,000. Jasper Johns – False Start. Another painting formerly owned by Geffen and allegedly sold to CEO of the Citadel Investment Group, Kenneth C. Griffin, making it the most expensive painting to be sold by a living artist, the iconic Jasper Johns. #15. $82,500,000. Vincent van Gogh – Portrait of Dr. Gachet. Up for auction in 1990 and purchased by Japanese businessman Ryoei Saito, this was – at the time- the most expensive painting in the world. Saito (then 75) caused controversy at the time, stating that when he died, he’d have the painting cremated along with him. This was later cleared up as he claimed that he was only using the expression to show his intense affection for it. #14. $86,300,000. Francis Bacon – Triptych, 1976. Breaking the previous sale record of his work ($52.68 million), Bacon’s 3-piece masterpiece was sold to Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich, smashing the previous estimate of $70 million. #13. $87,900,000. Gustav Klimt – Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II. The only model to be painted twice by Klimt and sold a few months after the first version, this portrait of Bloch-Bauer was part of a lot in 2006 of four Klimt paintings that went on to fetch a total of $192 million. Buyer unknown. Click Here and go compare other paintings by Gustav Klimt. #12. $95,200,000. Pablo Picasso – Dora Maar au Chat. Another Picasso, the second highest price ever fetched at auction, and another anonymous buyer. Auctioned in 2006, a mysterious Russian bidder took this home (along with a Monet and a Chagall, spending over $100 million) and no one has since found out who he was. The ownership of the painting has s",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Traditionally, which player in a rugby league team wore the number nine shirt?",
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"content": "Nine weird rituals of Rugby World Cup players - Telegraph World Cup player journeys Nine weird rituals of Rugby World Cup players Here are some bizarre traditions (including wearing black underwear) used by nine current and former international players to make sure they’re in the zone Men of ritual: Mark Cueto, John Smit, Simon Taylor, Jonny Wilkinson and Mike Cattt Follow Research suggests that rugby union players are more obsessed about pre-match rituals and superstitions than either footballers or cricketers – 13 per cent of those polled thought that touching the tunnel ceiling was key to their performance. Some vomit, others wear lucky pants. Here are some very odd traditions used by nine Rugby World Cup players, past and present, to make sure they’re ready for action… Jonny Wilkinson Given his meticulous approach to kicking, perhaps it’s no surprise that the 2003 Rugby World Cup hero, who laced England to glory against Australia in their own back yard, had a certain ordered pre-match sequence. Stand-off Wilkinson would always warm up without his England jersey on – that would be saved for the match proper – and then head back to the changing room to put on his shoulder pads, atop a certain lucky garment. “I always wear the same T-shirt under my England shirt,” the 91-cap Wilkinson, who retired last summer, explained when still playing. “It is more routine rather than thinking: ‘If I don’t do this, today’s going to go horribly wrong.’ People like to have their own routines to fight back the nerves and to keep them sane.” Mike Catt Another RWC 2003 winner, currently in charge of coaching England’s backs, Catt also had a pre-game habit, one which initially started as a bit of fun and developed as a must-do thing. Prior to any international match the South Africa-born utility back would touch his ear during the national anthems when cameras panned across the line-up. It was originally intended as a way of sending a visual message to his family, watching from home. However, the routine became a ritual for Catt and continued throughout his international career, which ended in 2007 after 75 appearances. Jason Robinson The speedy rugby league convert, who won the Webb Ellis Cup alongside Catt and Wilkinson, was notorious for the way in which he strapped himself before matches, having to wait for certain minutes to tick down before applying tape to specific places. Interestingly a recent survey discovered that almost a quarter of top rugby players tend to strap up age-old injuries, even though they had healed long ago. Robinson, the former wing or full-back, also – contrary to a number of other players – would insist on heading out of the changing room first. Mark Cueto A long-time teammate of Robinson’s at both Sale Sharks and with England, the winger, who hung up his boots at the end of last season, was famous for having a culinary superstition on match days. Worthy of a Michelin star this was not: he insisted on having beans on toast every morning before a match – and would not be able to take to the field if he had not eaten his desired dish. Perhaps he thought it would provide extra fire power. Cueto, capped 55 times for England, would also put on his left boot before his right, and liked to leave the coach and then changing room last, perhaps copying another winger, David Campese. The Australian legend was unpredictable on the pitch but would always see to it that he was the last man to run on to it. Alan Whetton The All Black lock or backrower, who was part of the team that won the inaugural World Cup in 1987, and who won 65 caps for New Zealand, played many times at Eden Park, for Auckland, whose home stadium it was, and for his country. And every time he did he had a set routine. “I used to have a little ritual in the changing shed,” Whetton said. “I would put the jersey on a peg by itself – it would command a lot of respect. So I would look at it. I used to have my togs, boots and mouthguard in a bag below – they didn't quite warrant being together with the shirt. Also, 40 minutes before a game at Eden Park,",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; How many points are given to a driver for winning a Formula One Grand Prix?",
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"content": "Points, classification and race distance Points, classification and race distance Share What the sporting regulations say: Formula One races are of near identical distance, calculated in the regulations as the least number of laps required to exceed 305 kilometres. Some races invariably take longer than others however due to the differing average speeds of circuits. The Formula One World Championship driver's title will be awarded to the driver who has scored the highest number of points. Article 6.1 of the 2017 FIA Sporting Regulations The only exception is Monaco, where the race distance is calculated as the minimum number of laps exceeding 260 kilometres. However, a two-hour cut-off applies to all Grands Prix. If this is exceeded, the leading driver will be shown the chequered flag on the lap during which the two-hour mark elapsed. At the conclusion of each Grand Prix, the top ten finishers will score points towards both the drivers’ and constructors’ world championships, according to the following scale: 1st : 25 points 9th : 2 points 10th : 1 point The only exception to this is when a race is suspended and cannot be restarted. In that instance half points will be awarded if less than 75 percent of the race distance has been completed, while no points will be awarded if less than two laps have been completed. Any driver who completes over 90 percent of the race will be classified as a finisher, regardless of whether they were running as the winner took the chequered flag. The drivers' and constructors' championship titles are awarded to the driver and constructor who score the most points over the course of the season. In the event of any ties for position, the driver with superior race results (based on descending order, from number of wins to numbers of second-places down) will gain precedence.",
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trivia_qa_1505736
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which team bats first in a baseball game? The home team, or the visitors?",
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"content": "Who hits first, home or away? Who hits first, home or away? Home team at bat Anonymous asked:Is home at bat first or is away? Rick answered: Thank you for your question. Visitors always bat first, home team last. Yours in baseball, Comments for Who hits first, home or away? Average Rating by: Rick, theoleballgame.com Thank you for your comment. I have never been able to locate in the rule book where the home team has the option to bat first if they wish. It may be there somewhere; but as you say, it is a bad idea. Very big advantage to have last bats. Yours in baseball,",
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trivia_qa_1505737
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The surname Chandler derives from the making or selling of what?",
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"content": "Chandler Family Association - The Chandler Name The Chandler Name chandler noun 1. A person who makes or sells candles. 2. A dealer in specified goods or equipment: a ship's chandler Source: Reader's Digest Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary Most people born with the surname Chandler in modern times are descended, in the male line, from men in England who worked as a chandler, making and selling candles. Until about 1350, surnames were only used by the wealthy and were usually inherited by only the eldest son, along with the family property. The poor - most people at that time - had no need for a surname because they had no land to inherit. It was during the years 1350 to 1450 that the use of hereditary surnames became common throughout the English population. This naming - often by trade (e.g. Baker, Smith, Chandler), sometimes by location (e.g. Hill, Marsh, or the name of a town or village), occasionally by appearance (e.g. Long, Small) - would have happened village by village throughout England. Consequently, most of the people acquiring the surname Chandler in this way would not have been related to each other - they would only have been occupied in the same trade. Candles - of vital importance in an age without electricity - were made either of wax (for churches) or tallow (for general use). Tallow is obtained from suet (the solid fat of animals such as sheep and cows) and is also used in making soap and lubricants. The Tallow Chandlers, like many other tradesmen, formed a guild in London in or around 1300 for educational, promotional and charitable purposes. The Tallow Chandlers also dealt in vinegar, salt, sauces and oils. Later, the term \"chandler\" was used for corn chandlers, and for ships' chandlers who sold most of the fittings and supplies for boats, as well as the candles. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the term \"chandler\" was often used simply to mean a grocer. The box at right illustrates the many spelling variations encountered in historic documents. Although its origins are probably the same as Chandler, the surname Candler is phonetically sufficiently distinct to be considered deliberately different and is therefore treated as a separate surname rather than a variant of Chandler. However, if you suspect that your Candler brick wall may have a Chandler connection, as was sometimes the case, you are very welcome to contact us. Historical Occurrences At the age of 10, John Chandler and a number of other passengers sailed from England on the Hercules and landed at what became known as Jamestown, Virginia, in 1610. These were not Pilgrims like the Mayflower passengers who landed in Massachusetts 10 years later seeking religious freedom - this was a group of merchant venturers who made the voyage for profit. There are now thousands of people who trace their ancestry to that John Chandler, mainly in south-eastern USA. A number of them belong to the Chandler Family Association (CFA) and have participated in a DNA project to help identify their origins in England (see web page link below). Other DNA Project participants include descendants of: Edmund Chandler, a member of the Pilgrim congregation, who migrated from Leiden in Holland to the New World a few years after the main group William and Annis Chandler of Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England, who settled in Roxbury, Massachusetts in 1637 George and Jane Chandler who left Wiltshire, England, for the New World in 1686: George died at sea but the family survived and settled in Pennsylvania Frederick C. Chandler who founded the Chandler Motor Company in Cleveland, Ohio in 1913. Perhaps the most well-known bearer of the name is author Raymond Thornton Chandler, whose detective Philip Marlow has entertained millions of adults, while their children were thrilled by the stories of Uncle Remus and others, written by Joel Chandler Harris; the tales of the Boxcar Children written by Gertrude Chandler Warner; and by the many books for children written by Christine Chaundler. The character Chandler Bing was popular with many viewers of the TV series �Friends�.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Sharon Stone plays Ginger McKenna Rothstein in which 1995 film?",
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"content": "Casino (1995) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Greed, deception, money, power, and murder occur between two best friends, a mafia underboss and a casino owner, for a trophy wife over a gambling empire. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 23 titles created 18 Jun 2011 a list of 25 titles created 14 Aug 2011 a list of 23 titles created 19 Jul 2012 a list of 33 titles created 01 Jul 2013 a list of 37 titles created 10 months ago Search for \" Casino \" on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 1 Oscar. Another 3 wins & 9 nominations. See more awards » Videos Henry Hill and his friends work their way up through the mob hierarchy. Director: Martin Scorsese A group of professional bank robbers start to feel the heat from police when they unknowingly leave a clue at their latest heist. Director: Michael Mann In Miami in 1980, a determined Cuban immigrant takes over a drug cartel and succumbs to greed. Director: Brian De Palma A mentally unstable Vietnam War veteran works as a night-time taxi driver in New York City where the perceived decadence and sleaze feeds his urge for violent action, attempting to save a preadolescent prostitute in the process. Director: Martin Scorsese An emotionally self-destructive boxer's journey through life, as the violence and temper that leads him to the top in the ring destroys his life outside it. Director: Martin Scorsese A pragmatic U.S. Marine observes the dehumanizing effects the Vietnam War has on his fellow recruits from their brutal boot camp training to the bloody street fighting in Hue. Director: Stanley Kubrick As corruption grows in 1950s LA, three policemen - one strait-laced, one brutal, and one sleazy - investigate a series of murders with their own brand of justice. Director: Curtis Hanson After a simple jewelry heist goes terribly wrong, the surviving criminals begin to suspect that one of them is a police informant. Director: Quentin Tarantino Unscrupulous boxing promoters, violent bookmakers, a Russian gangster, incompetent amateur robbers, and supposedly Jewish jewelers fight to track down a priceless stolen diamond. Director: Guy Ritchie A botched card game in London triggers four friends, thugs, weed-growers, hard gangsters, loan sharks and debt collectors to collide with each other in a series of unexpected events, all for the sake of weed, cash and two antique shotguns. Director: Guy Ritchie An in-depth examination of the ways in which the U.S. Vietnam War impacts and disrupts the lives of people in a small industrial town in Pennsylvania. Director: Michael Cimino The early life and career of Vito Corleone in 1920s New York is portrayed while his son, Michael, expands and tightens his grip on the family crime syndicate. Director: Francis Ford Coppola Edit Storyline This Martin Scorsese film depicts the Janus-like quality of Las Vegas--it has a glittering, glamorous face, as well as a brutal, cruel one. Ace Rothstein and Nicky Santoro, mobsters who move to Las Vegas to make their mark, live and work in this paradoxical world. Seen through their eyes, each as a foil to the other, the details of mob involvement in the casinos of the 1970's and '80's are revealed. Ace is the smooth operator of the Tangiers casino, while Nicky is his boyhood friend and tough strongman, robbing and shaking down the locals. However, they each have a tragic flaw--Ace falls in love with a hustler, Ginger, and Nicky falls into an ever-deepening spiral of drugs and violence. Written by Tad Dibbern <[email protected]> You don't stay at the top forever See more » Genres: Motion Picture Rating ( MPAA ) Rated R for strong brutal violence, pervasive strong language, drug use and some sexuality | See all c",
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trivia_qa_1505739
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In the series of children's Noddy books, what is the name of the policeman?",
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"content": "Noddy Books | eBay Noddy Books or Best Offer + £3.00 P&P Vintage Noddy books set of 12. Various ages and fair condition. All pages present, a few with owners names written in and one with two pages damaged. (See photos) or Best Offer + £5.00 P&P Collection of 6 Noddy books by Enid Blyton. The Big Noddy Book - annual style book, dated 1959. Has a name written in biro on the first page where it says 'This book belongs to.'. Pictures have been c... 0 bids + £1.54 P&P ENID BLYTON TWO NODDY BOOKS BE BRAVE LITTLE NODDY & MR PLOD AND LITTLE NODDY TWO GREAT NODDY BOOKS CONDITION AS FOLLOWS: MR PLOD AND LITTLE NODDY 1961 - STILL HAS DUSTCOVER WHICH HAS A TINY RIP AT T... Buy it now + £1.80 P&P A hardback edition with dustjacket. The jacket is somewhat worn with ragged and creased edges, corners and spine and grubby marks to the front and back. A few titles on the inside flap have been ticke... or Best Offer + £2.85 P&P Book Condition: Near Very Good. No Jacket. Six hardback books in original format, each 64 pp, pictorial colour eps and illustrs, original characters, matt boards, except for one later issue (1999). 0 bids + £2.85 P&P Pictures by Beek. London, Sampson Low,1962 (originally published as The New Big Noddy Book, 1953). Good condition, with bright coloured boards, top and bottom of external spine slightly rubbed, colour... or Best Offer Free P&P Wonderful book from the 1950's by Enid Blyton and published by Harper Collins as part of their 'Classic Stories' range. This edition published in 2009. The book is in good condition with pages that ar... Buy it now Free P&P Noddy Storybook Treasury (Enid Blyton Toyland). World of Books was founded in 2005, recycling books sold to us through charities either directly or indirectly. While we do our best to provide good qua... Buy it now Free P&P Vintage Noddy's New Big Book , beautifully illustrated by Enid Blyton in used condition, pages tight, wear to cover and spine, name (this book belongs to] in pencil in front cover, one page has been ... Buy it now Free P&P Noddy Classic Library (14) - Noddy and the Bumpy-Dog. World of Books was founded in 2005, recycling books sold to us through charities either directly or indirectly. While we do our best to provide go... 0 bids + £2.80 P&P Two delightful Noddy stories. Noddy and the Roller-skates & Noddy and the Ark. Beautiful illustrations and pop-ups. Please see my other items listed. Buy it now + £1.47 P&P New Books are added weekly. Lovely Children's Fiction Storybook by Enid Blyton, some slight wear to cover. Bright Colourful pictures throughout. Boos t your Children s learning potential by making boo... Buy it now Free P&P Noddy and the Tootles - Book 23. Noddy and the Aeroplane - Book 24. Both in good condition. Both have name panel filled in in pencil. Both have original dust jackets which are complete and not torn, a... Buy it now Free P&P Noddy Goes to Toyland. Noddy book 1. By Enid Blyton. In acceptable condition as a reading copy. Is missing spine and cover is well marked. | 2 sold Noddy Goes to School (Noddy Classic Library). World of Books was founded in 2005, recycling books sold to us through charities either directly or indirectly. While we do our best to provide good quali... or Best Offer + £2.85 P&P BBC Noddy has an adventure by Enid Blyton and Noddy and the bumpy dog both in very good condition hardback books Buy it now Free P&P A Noddy Strip Book. Carefully read. The book is in VG clean condition - no torn, loose or missing pages but some light edge wear. Noddy & the Witch's Wand. Small stapled paperback book published by Sa... Buy it now Free P&P To cheer him up, kind Noddy organises a party. But on the way to the fun, Noddy runs out of petrol! How can he get his little car to the party on time?. This CD features the full productions of both t...",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What 1973 film, based on a novel by French ex-convict Henri Charrire, starred Steve McQueen & Dustin Hoffman?",
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"content": "Papillon - Movie Main Theme~Jerry Goldsmith - YouTube Papillon - Movie Main Theme~Jerry Goldsmith Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Feb 21, 2012 Jerrald King \"Jerry\" Goldsmith (February 10, 1929 -- July 21, 2004) was an American composer and conductor. Papillon is a 1973 film based on the best selling novel by French ex-convict Henri Charrière. The film was directed by Franklin J. Schaffner and starred Steve McQueen as Henri Charrière (\"Papillon\") and Dustin Hoffman as Louis Dega. Due to the exotic locations, the film was considered as very expensive at the time of shooting ($12M), but earned more than double that in its first year of release. Category",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What group, established after WWI, was a failed predecessor to the United Nations?",
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"content": "BBC - History - World Wars: The League of Nations and the United Nations The League of Nations and the United Nations By Charles Townshend Last updated 2011-02-17 The imposition of a peaceful world order was a key objective for the League of Nations, established in the aftermath of World War One. How can its successor, the United Nations, react to the challenges of the 21st century? Charles Townshend assesses its chances. On this page Print this page The birth of the League ideal The League of Nations, born of the destruction and disillusionment arising from World War One, was the most ambitious attempt that had ever been made to construct a peaceful global order. It was rooted in a comprehensive liberal critique of the pre-war international system, which was widely believed to have been the cause of the carnage of 1914-18. The secret diplomacy of the old order would be replaced by...open discussion The idea of the League was to eliminate four fatal flaws of the old European states: in place of competing monarchical empires - of which the Hapsburg Empire was perhaps the most notorious - the principle of national self-determination would create a world of independent nation states, free of outside interference; the secret diplomacy of the old order would be replaced by the open discussion and resolution of disputes; the military alliance blocs would be replaced by a system of collective guarantees of security; and agreed disarmament would prevent the recurrence of the kind of arms race that had racked up international tensions in the pre-war decade. Before this, the closest approach to an international political structure had been the Congress System, in which the European great powers held occasional summit meetings to discuss issues they found urgent. (To his credit, the much-maligned Tsar Nicholas II of Russia had sponsored international efforts to ban 'inhumane' weapons such as expanding or exploding bullets; but these efforts were only partially successful.) The surviving victorious great powers at the end of the Great War - Britain and France - would have preferred to go no further than regularising the old Congress System. The spirit of the times, however, which was overbearingly personified in the president of the USA, Woodrow Wilson, pushed towards the creation of a more comprehensive global organisation, which would include all independent states, and in which even the smallest state would have a voice. Top The growth of a system President Wilson; America failed to ratify the League Covenant © Unfortunately, Wilson's thinking about the way that self-determination would work in the real world, and about getting his idea for a 'community of power' off the ground, remained vague. Partly this was to avoid alarming US isolationist opinion, but in any case, when the League Covenant was agreed at the Paris peace conference in 1919, the US Senate refused to ratify it. How the League would have worked with American participation remains one of the great 'what ifs' of modern history. As it was, the direction of the system was left in the hands of states - primarily Britain and France - whose altruism was questionable and whose economic resources had been crippled by the war. There was a widespread belief...that the League's prestige was growing incrementally Yet the League of Nations did work surprisingly well, at least for a decade after the war. By December 1920, 48 states had signed the League Covenant, pledging to work together to eliminate aggression between countries. A series of disputes - between Germany and Poland over Upper Silesia, between Italy and Greece, and between Greece and Bulgaria - were resolved under its auspices. Though relatively minor, these were just the kind of incidents that had in the past triggered regional conflicts - and indeed World War One itself. There was a widespread belief, or hope, that the League's prestige was growing incrementally. Methods of investigating disputes, and helping to keep the peace, were regularised. Another crucial function was the establishment of Mandates",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What stringed instrument starts with Z, and is traditionally found in parts of Eastern Europe?",
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"content": "Instrument List - MusicBrainz Instrument List ( a type of harmonica/accordion hybrid ) — a type of Harmonica/Accordion hybrid, the bellows for the accordion bit with buttons/keys receive their air though the user blowing into the instrument like an harmonica an electric piano with reeds ) — an electromechanical piano with stainless steel reeds and amplified pick-up ( oboe-like double-reed from South-America ) — a relative of the shawm, it was introduced to central and south-america by the spanish in the sixteenth and seventeenth century. ( free reed aerophone with pitching pipes. ) — free reed melodica like instrument that is worn like an accordion, with differenting length pipes which control the pitch dizi — The dizi is a Chinese transverse flute typically made of bamboo. In Chinese, it is sometimes just called 笛 (di), but in Japanese 笛 (fue) is a more generic word referring to a whole class of flutes rather than this specific instrument. ( also known as Cor anglais ) — neither a horn nor english, it is a transposing member of the oboe family, pitched at F fipple flute from Härjedalen, sweden ) — six holed fipple flute used traditionally in pastoral settings like its cousin the spilåpipa. k'lông pút — The k'lông pút is an instrument from the central highlands of Vietnam played by ethnic groups such as the Xơ Đăng and the Bahnar. It consists of a number of different sized bamboo tubes laid horizontally which are played by the musician clapping their slightly cupped hands in front of the tubes in order to push air into the tubes. khene — The khene is a mouth organ from Laos and north-east Thailand which is also used by some ethnic minority groups in Vietnam. It typically consists of 14 bamboo pipes arranged into two rows which are connected to a small, hollowed-out hardwood windchest. ( Māori traditional small, ductless and notchless flute ) — A small, ductless and notchless flute, made of wood or bone. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro ( Māori traditional small vessel flute ) — A small vessel flute like the ocarina or xun. Made of wood, soapstone or bone and shaped like a whale's tooth. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro nose whistle — The nose whistle (also known as the Humanatone) is a simple instrument played with the nose. The stream of air is directed over an edge in the instrument and the frequency of the notes produced is controlled by the volume of air. ( Māori traditional hardwood flute ) — A longer version of the kōauau, made of hardwoods such as mānuka, mataī, or black maire. Like the pūtorino, it has 2 voices, the male (trumpet) and female (flute). ( Māori traditional trumpet made of wood. ) — A traditional Maori trumpet made of wood. A war and announcement trumpet. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro ( Māori traditional long flute ) — A long flute with a notched open top and a single finger hole near the end. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro ( Māori traditional conch shell trumpet ) — A traditional conch shell trumpet, used for signalling to ceremonial and ritual use. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro ( Māori traditional wide ranged flute. ) — A flute with a wide range, made of wood, tapered at each end. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro ( Māori traditional swung bird lure. ) — A hollowed out gourd with drilled holes, swung around creating a whistling, chattering sound that attracted birds. part of the traditional Māori instruments Taonga pūoro ( Māori traditional bullroarer like instrument. ) — A blade-like piece of bone, wood or stone, swung on a long cord producing a loud, deep whirling that can be heard from a distance. suikinkutsu — A suikinkutsu is a type of Japanese garden ornament which uses dripping water to create music. Although it is also known as a Japanese water zither, it is named after the sound the koto (a Japanese zither) makes and is not actually a string instrument.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which bird appears of the state flag of Louisiana?",
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"content": "Seal of Louisiana | State Symbols USA Seal of Louisiana Seal of Louisiana ( public domain image on Wikipedia ). Seal of Louisiana The state seal of Louisiana features the brown pelican tearing at its breast to nurture its young, and the state motto: Union, Justice, Confidence. Previous versions of the state seal had as many as 12 chicks in the nest (pelicans rarely have more than 3 chicks, and though pelicans are exceptionally attentive, nurturing parents, they do not tear at their own flesh to feed offspring in hard times. The brown pelican is a prominent symbol of Louisiana - it is the official state bird, appears on Louisiana's state flag, the official state painting, and is one of three symbols displayed on the U.S. Mint's Louisiana bicentennial quarter. Louisiana has been called \"The Pelican State\" since colonial times. Louisiana",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Where in America is the Rockefeller University?",
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"content": "Nelson A. Rockefeller . The Rockefellers . WGBH American Experience | PBS Other Biographies Nelson Rockefeller believed in fate. After all, he was born on the same day as his larger-than-life grandfather, John D. Rockefeller, Sr ., a coincidence he always took to be an omen of great things to come. With Senior, he shared an ambitious vision and the boundless energy to make it real. But in other respects, Nelson couldn't have been more different from the Rockefeller patriarch. Turning his back on the intense privacy that had shielded the family for generations, he took the Rockefellers in a bold new direction. He wanted to be popular and powerful. And he wanted to be President of the United States. But fate, it turned out, would not oblige. Born on July 8, 1908 in Bar Harbor, Maine, Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller soon showed signs of the irrepressible temperament that would be his trademark. He led his brothers in all kinds of projects, displaying the charm and vitality inherited from his mother, Abby Aldrich Rockefeller , who clearly favored him. Nelson had a more strained relationship with his father, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. , whose emphasis on discipline and modesty didn't quite suit his third child. Unlike his father, in fact, Nelson always seemed to be in a hurry. He got married just a few days after graduating from Dartmouth, and was soon searching for ways to \"get very far in this world,\" as he put it. The newly started Rockefeller Center project provided a good launching pad. Building on his interest in modern art, which he had inherited from his mother, he handled relations with the artists hired to embellish the complex, including the controversial Diego Rivera . He also plunged into the task of finding tenants for the ambitious complex, showing leadership and managerial skills that would make him indispensable in the family venture. In 1938, at the age of 29, he was named president of Rockefeller Center. But Rockefeller's restlessness and ambition would soon push him beyond the confines of New York City. Seeking a role in national politics, he joined President Roosevelt's administration in 1940 as the head of a new agency for Latin-American affairs. He stayed in Washington for the next five years, and again between 1953 and 1955, working on foreign affairs, government reorganization, and public policy under Presidents Truman and Eisenhower . Rockefeller was determined to use the experience he had accumulated in the federal government to gain elective political office. In 1958, he decided to run for governor of New York State. His campaign revealed a confident and affable politician, at his best when pressing the flesh and striking up conversations with the people who came out to see him. \"Hi Ya, Fella\" became his signature greeting. \"Rocky,\" his nickname. After a massive campaign, bankrolled with his legendary fortune, Rockefeller won the election handily. The New York Times did not fail to notice the historical significance of the result: \"The election of Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller has given the final stamp of public approval to a name that once was among the most hated and feared in America.\" Rockefeller wasted no time making the most of his new political prominence. As governor, he took it upon himself to change the physical face of New York State through an array of sweeping public works projects. He built low-income housing, schools, hospitals, roads, and monuments -- among them, the grandiose Albany Mall, a marble complex which is now the seat of the State government. He also established a strong and ambitious state university system (SUNY) and a modern highway network, spending liberally with the help of complicated financing schemes. But as he dove into his own brand of gubernatorial activism, Rockefeller never lost sight of his ultimate goal. In 1960, barely two years into his first term as governor, he sought the Republican presidential nomination, but lost to Richard Nixon. Four years later, he would come much closer , ultimately yielding to Barry Goldwater and the fallout from a contro",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; How many pennies were there in a pre-decimal pound?",
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"content": "Did You Know? - Pre-Decimal Coins Did You Know? - Pre-Decimal Coins Pre-Decimal Crown Twelve pennies in a shilling and twenty shillings in a pound.... It's now over 40 years since the £ s d currency which had been used in the UK and Scotland was swept away and 240 pence to the pound were replaced by 100 new pence to the pound. Decimal Day (15 February 1971) was when the changeover took place. You'll note that in the collection of pre-decimal coins below, there is not a pound coin, far less one for two pounds as we have today. That was because in 1971 there were paper pound notes in circulation and the pound coin was not introduced until 1983 to replace the Bank of England one pound note; the Scottish banks (who are permitted to issue banknots but not coins) continued to issue one pound notes - the Royal Bank of Scotland in particular kept them going, sometimes as special commemorative issues. See Scottish Banknotes . Farthing The word farthing is derived from the Anglo-Saxon feorthing, or fourth part An English penny. The farthing was first minted in silver in the 13th century and then after the Union of the Scottish and English Parliaments in 1707, a British farthing, made of base metal, was minted in 1714. It continued to be used until 31 December 1960, when they ceased to be legal tender and so were no longer in use by Decimal Day in 1971. Half Penny This coin began its 700 year history made from silver but as the value of silver increased, the coin was made from base metals. \"Halfpenny\", was pronounced HAY-pe-nee. It was long considered that the first halfpenny coins were produced in the reign of King Edward I (1272�1307), with earlier requirements for small change being provided by \"cut coinage\" - pennies cut into halves or quarters. However, in recent years metal detectorists have discovered a few halfpennies of Kings Henry I (1100�1135) and Henry III (1216�1272). The halfpenny ceased to be minted in 1969 prior to decimalisation. Penny The \"penny\" originated as far back as the 8th century when a silver coin was minted (in England) which was one 240th part of a pound weight of silver. There were thus \"240 pennies to a pound (of silver)\". Pennies made of silver were minted until about 1750, then occasionally until about 1820; thereafter, they were only minted for Maundy money (when the British Monarch ceremonially distributes small silver coins known as \"Maundy money\" as symbolic alms to elderly recipients. From 1797, pennies for general circulation were minted in copper. Twelve pence made one shilling and so 240 pennies made a pound. To express an amount, penny was usually abbreviated to \"d\", e.g. 1d, from the Roman denarius. The penny introduced at decimalisation (with 100 pennies to the pound) was a much smaller coin and was initially called a \"new penny\" to distinguish it from its predecessor. The original reverse of the new coin initially had \"NEW PENNY\" in the design but this changed to just \"ONE PENNY\" in 1982. \"Silver\" Threepence The silver three pence coin (expressed in writing as \"3d\") first appeared in England during the reign of King Edward VI (1547�1553). But it was unpopular as many preferred the four pence piece (known as a \"groat\") and there were times when it was not minted. During the reign of king George V (1910�1936) the silver content was reduced from sterling silver to a mixture of silver (50%),copper, and nickel and the design was completely changed in 1927 to three oak sprigs with three acorns and a \"G\" in the centre. By the end of George V's reign the threepence had become somewhat unpopular in England because of its small size, but it remained popular in Scotland. It may be that the custom of putting threepence coins (wrapped in greaseproof paper) into Christmas cakes may have contributed to its continued popularity! A nickel-brass threepence took over the bulk of the production of the denomination, being produced in all years between 1937 and 1952 except 1947. Only small numbers were produced. Brass Threepence A new, larger, nickel-brass (79% copper, 20% zinc, 1% nickel) twelve-sided three",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which event completes the indoor Pentathlon - 60 metre hurdles, high jump, long jump, 800 metres and ...........?",
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"content": "Athletics (track and field) : Wikis (The Full Wiki) The Isthmian Games (founded 523 BC) held on the Isthmus of Corinth every two years The Roman Games – Arising from Etruscan rather than purely Greek roots, the Roman Games deemphasized footraces and throwing. Instead, the Greek sports of chariot racing and wrestling , as well as the Etruscan sport of gladiatorial combat, took center stage. The Tailteann Games (claimed foundation 1829 BC) – held near modern Telltown in Ireland , this thirty-day meeting included foot races and stone-throwing events. Other peoples, such as the Celts , Teutons and Goths who succeeded the Romans, enjoyed athletic contests; however, these were often related to combat training . In the Middle Ages the sons of noblemen would be trained in running, leaping and wrestling, in addition to riding, jousting and arms-training. Contests between rivals and friends may have been common on both official and unofficial grounds. Annually, from 1796 to 1798, L'Olympiade de la République was held in revolutionary France, and is an early forerunner to the modern summer Olympic Games. The premier event of this competition was a footrace, but various ancient Greek disciplines were also on display. The 1796 Olympiade marks the introduction of the metric system into sport. In the 19th century, the formal organization of the modern events accelerated - in France, Germany, and Great Britain in particular. This included the incorporation of regular sports and exercise into school regimes. The Royal Military College, Sandhurst has claimed to be the first to adopt this in 1812 and 1825, but without any supporting evidence. The earliest recorded meeting was organised at Shrewsbury , Shropshire in 1840 by the Royal Shrewsbury School Hunt. There are details of the meeting in a series of letters written 60 years later by C.T. Robinson, who was a pupil there from 1838 to 1841. The Royal Military Academy at Woolwich held an organised competition in 1849, but the first regular series of meetings was held by Exeter College, Oxford from 1850. [1] Modern athletic events are usually organized around a 400 metre running track on which most of the running events take place. Field events (vaulting, jumping, and throwing) often take place on the infield, inside the track. Athletics was included in the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 and has formed their backbone ever since. Women were first allowed to participate in track and field events in the 1928 Olympics. An international governing body, the International Amateur Athletics Federation (IAAF), was founded in 1912; it adopted its current name, the International Association of Athletics Federations , in 2001. The IAAF established separate outdoor World Championships in 1983. There are a number of regional games as well, such as the European Championships , the Pan-American Games , and the Commonwealth Games . In addition there is a professional Golden League circuit, culminating in the IAAF World Athletics Final , and indoor championships such as the World Indoor Championships . The sport has a very high profile during major championships, especially the Olympics, but otherwise is less popular. The AAU ( Amateur Athletic Union ) was the governing body in the United States until it collapsed under pressure from advancing professionalism in the late 1970s. A new governing body called The Athletics Congress (TAC) was formed. It was later renamed USA Track & Field (USATF or USA T&F). An additional, less structured organization, the Road Runners Club of America (RRCA), also exists in the United States to promote road racing. In modern times, athletes can receive money for racing, putting an end to the so-called \" amateurism \" that existed before. Advertisements Indoor athletics Typical \"oval\" track consisting of two semicircles joined by straight segments. There are two seasons for track and field. There is an indoor season, run during the winter and an outdoor season, run during the spring. Most indoor tracks are 200 metres and consist of four to 8 lanes. There are also some 150 metre",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The typical unit measure of 3.6MJ (mega joules) by which electric power is typically sold is more commonly called one?",
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"content": "CityPages April 2015 online by CityPages Kuwait - issuu issuu ISSUE No. 64 APRIL 2015 issuu.com/citypageskuwait Scan this QR code with your smart phone /tablet and enjoy reading CityPages. To read it on your computer, simply visit the web link above. Meghan Trainor Dreams in life are to get Grammys pinterest.com/citypagesmag Scan this QR code with your smart phone /tablet and enjoy reading and sharing slective pages from this issue of CityPages. To read it on your computer, simply visit the web link above. LIFESTYLE / PEOPLE / EVENTS / FASHION The Avenues -Phase 3 - Soku 22200989 100% SPANISH FASHION BRAND مجمع االفنيوز ميزانني- ذا مول هاي سرتيت 22200650 :هاتف The Avenues mall The Mall - Mezanine The Avenues Mall. Nº 140A. Fifth Ring Rd. High Street KUWAIT Phone: 22200650 truccoshop.com contents ISSUE 64, VOLUME 5, APRIL 2015 50 ENTERTAINMENT 79. Top Music Charts 80. April Movie Releases FASHION 102. The Style Code TM 104. CityPages Fashion Report 108. Fashion News FEATURES 18. Top Secrets To Happy Marriages 20. Celebrating St. George 22. How Well Do You Sleep 24. Villa Toni & Guy – Hair. Beauty 26. Petrol Heads 70 66 28. The Iranian Market – A Hidden Gem 34. The Joy Of Yoga 38. I Don’t Know You; You Don’t Know Me; Let’s Strike Up A Conversation 41. رسالة الى أنثى 42. MIL’s Fact Sheet -Survive Your Mother-In-Law 44. Wet Bobs And Laughter 48. Spa & Wellness 78. Horses, Hats And Love Hearts At The Dubai World Cup FOOD 64. Nat’s Kitchen Tales. . . With Love HEALTH 46. Feeling Under The Water – Splash Some Colour 54. Diabetic Details & The Eye 56. What Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)? 58. Boushahri Article 60. Sandos And Bader 62. Breast Feeding the only bank in Kuwait to offer exclusive discounts at grandcinemas Burgan Bank is exclusively offering its credit card holders discounts when booking movie tickets from the grandcinemas box office at Al Hamra Luxury Center. • Standard Seat tickets: KD 3 • Grand Class tickets: KD 8 follow us on: Burgan Bank Official page For more information call 1804080, or visit www.burgan.com www.youtube.com/burganbankchannel contents ISSUE 64, VOLUME 5, APRIL 2015 102 60 INTERVIEW 50. Meghan Trainor 66. Dr. Joanne Hands And Saud Al Tawash 70. Abdulla Ashkanani And Reem Behbehani 92. Ali N.Aziz 98. Nahar KIDS 129. Kids Pages LITERATURE 83. Poetry by Taaz Hassooun 84. Short Stories By Nadia AlHassan 86. Writing Is More Than Style Or Grammar By Nada Faris TECHNOLOGY 90. Cool New Gadgets 94. Tech Updates & News REGULARS 74. City Guide 76. Travel With MuzMuz 88. April Book Releases 89. Book Club 96. Adopt A Street Princess 97. Diary Of A Citizen Of The World 113. Events 122. Press 128. Homework For Grown Ups 130. Horoscopes 92 MAGAZINE From the Editor Dear Readers… Welcome to the April edition of CityPages where we welcome our new Group Editor, Gill Sherry to Dhari Al-Muhareb Editor-in-Chief the team. Gill has contributed greatly to this month’s issue and we look forward to reading her regular features and reviews. This month also features two of Kuwait’s ‘Power Couples’ who are sure to inspire you with their Jameel Arif General Manager & Editor Eng. Homoud AlMuhareb Publishing Director success stories. Our thanks go to each couple for sparing time from their busy schedules to talk to us. We also have interviews with cover girl Meghan Trainor and Saudi’s mysterious fashion icon, Nahar. Read on to learn more about these stylish celebrities. Talking of style, wait ‘til you see what we found at the Iranian Market! Gill Sherry And continuing with style, this edition sees the introduction of Kuwait’s very own style coach, Shaikha Group Editor Muhammed Altaf Sr. Sales Manager Claudia Farias Content Supervisor Jumaa. Shaikha will be treating us to regular tips on how to achieve the perfect, individual style – definitely a treat not to be missed! Ali N. Aziz, an extremely talented artist from Saudi Arabia, has shared his story with us this month, as well as his portrait of Meghan Trainor on our front cover – a brilliant and vibrant image. How many of you are struggling with",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who won the 1996 Formula One Driver's championship?",
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"content": "1996 · F1 Fanatic 1996 1 World Drivers’ Championship – All drivers Only two-thirds of the 24 participants scored points in 1996. Olivier Panis, Monaco Grand Prix winner, added just three more points to the tenhe scored in that race. 2 World Drivers’ Championship – Battle for the title The championship battle was decided in the final round although Jacques Villeneuve only had a slender chance of beat team-mate Damon Hill. 3 World Drivers’ Championship – Points systems 1981-present To highlight how the post-2003 points system rewards consistent finishing in the lower places more than occasional finishes in the higher places, compare Jean Alesi and Michael Schumacher. Alesi (no wins) trailled Schumacher (three wins) by 12 points in real life, but under post-2003 points he would have been just two points behind. 4 World Constructors’ Championships – All constructors Benetton could not live up to their championship-winning performance in 1996 and dropped behind Ferrari and Williams. 5 World Constructors’ Championships – Battle for the title Williams ran away with the constructor’s championship while Ferrari snuck into second at the final round. 6 Drivers’ Average Start Positions Forti duo Luca Badoer and Andrea Montermini made it to the grid just 10 times from 22 attempts before the team folded after the British Grand Prix. Villeneuve, new to much of the F1 calendar, still took pole at his debut race, the first at the Melbourne Park circuit. 7 Drivers’ Top 3 Qualifying Positions Hill started every race from the front row of the grid, a clear example of the superiority of the Williams. 8 Drivers’ Average Position Changes and Participations Alesi and Gerhard Berger had swapped Ferrari overalls for Benetton, where Berger found himself usually outqualified by Alesi and fared less well moving up through the field (although his late retirement in the German Grand Prix skews the statistics somewhat). 9 Drivers’ Points per Round and per Finish Villeneuve proved slightly more consistent in terms of bringing the car home than Hill, which brought him within range of the championship. Ferrari unreliability hindered Schumacher. 10 Drivers’ DNFs (totals) Four disqualifications in 1996: Ukyo Katayama (Nurburgring), Mika Salo twice (Nurburgring and Barcelona) and Johnny Herbert (Magny-Cours). 11 Drivers’ DNFs (by driver) Giovanni Lavaggi briefly took Giancarlo Fisichella’s placeat Minardi as Lavaggi brought more money. What he coudn’t do, though, was qualify the car within 107% of the pole position time – hence his three failures to qualify from six attempts. Leave a Reply",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who is the famous mother of actress Rachael Stirling?",
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"content": "Rachael Stirling: I wish I'd asked my mother about starring in a lesbian drama - Telegraph Celebrity news Rachael Stirling: I wish I'd asked my mother about starring in a lesbian drama Rachael Stirling, daughter of Dame Diana Rigg, said she was offered little \"after-care\" following the risqué role in Tipping The Velvet which turned her into tabloid fodder. Rachael Stirling and Keeley Hawes in Tipping The Velvet, which caused a tabloid storm Photo: BBC By Anita Singh, Showbusiness Editor 7:00AM BST 27 Aug 2012 When Rachael Stirling was offered a role in lesbian drama series Tipping The Velvet, she didn’t think to consult her mother first. Had she known the drama’s risqué scenes would cause a tabloid storm and leave her struggling to be taken seriously as an actress, she would have done things differently. Stirling’s mother is Dame Diana Rigg, who knows a thing or two about life as a reluctant sex symbol after playing Emma Peel in The Avengers. “The tabloids had a field day with Tipping The Velvet, which was great for the viewing figures but not necessarily for the actors involved,” Stirling said. “It was a brilliant project and I don’t regret it, but there wasn’t a lot of aftercare and the long-term effects weren’t considered. Nobody sat down and said that you might find it hard to be taken seriously as an actor afterwards. “I should have asked my ma’s advice, but I was such a proud little bunny in those days.” Related Articles Stripping for the cameras 'was so freeing' 25 Aug 2012 Stirling co-starred with Keeley Hawes in Tipping The Velvet, a story of lesbian love in Victorian England based on the novel by Sarah Waters. It was broadcast by the BBC in 2002 and adapted by Andrew Davies, the screenwriter, who famously dubbed it “Pride and Prejudice with dirty bits”. Stirling was a little-known actress when she got the part. She told a Sunday newspaper: “I was raised to please people in authority and I’d also come from a sheltered boarding school, so I was very naive and young for my years. “So when the producer of Tipping The Velvet said, ‘We chose you because we knew you’d swing naked from the nearest chandelier’, I should have realised he wasn’t offering me the role because I was deeply important and talented. “Now I’ve done the graft and I’ve worked with great directors and actors, I feel a lot more prepared to handle the limelight and make the right choices in my career because God knows that I’ve made some dodgy ones.” Nearly 40 years earlier, Stirling’s mother was faced with something similar when she played Emma Peel, the high-kicking spy in a leather catsuit. Dame Diana told one interviewer: “There is always one thing that turns you into an icon, an iconic image, in my case a catsuit. But the icon 40 years later doesn't really want to know because it's not relevant to me. “I was grateful because it catapulted me into stage stardom. It was good. I'm not ashamed of it. But I only did it for two years. When it came out, I was suddenly famous. It was startling. From being anonymous, I was mobbed.” Stirling, 35, concentrated on theatre after Tipping The Velvet and has garnered two Olivier Award nominations. Her next screen role is a 1950s-set ITV drama, The Bletchley Circle, in which she plays a former codebreaker who reunites with former colleagues to solve a series of murders. She and Dame Diana, 74, recently worked together for the first time. They will appear in a forthcoming episode of Doctor Who, called The Crimson Horror. Last year, Stirling left acting temporarily and took a job as a barmaid. She worked in a pub after splitting from her fiance, Oliver Chris, a fellow actor. “I went and pulled pints in a pub for five months. I cleared vomit off the stairs and got leered at by all sorts of unsuitable men. But the camaraderie was fantastic and time out from everything was exactly what I needed,” she said. Of the broken engagement, she said: “I loved him and I wanted to make him happy but, actually, if every time somebody asks you about your wedding plans you burst into tears, then you are probably not doing OK",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What style of commercial vehicle body, incorporating an enclosed box body extended over the cab, takes its name from the town in Bedfordshire where the Bedford commercial vehicle plant was located?",
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"content": "Luton body | Tractor & Construction Plant Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Tractor & Construction Plant Wiki 1933 Bedford two-ton Luton van. A Ford Transit van with Luton body A Luton body is a style of commercial vehicle body incorporating an enclosed box body extended over the cab. It takes its name from the town of Luton, in Bedfordshire, where the Bedford commercial vehicle plant was located. They fitted this style of body to some of there light commercial vehicles. The body style is common in medium commercial vehicles such as the Ford Transit , as well as larger vehicles especially those used by household removals companies. More modern examples may be streamlined to reduce wind resistance. Some commercial vehicles have a wind deflector on the cab roof, but this is not a Luton body: the Luton is functional and can be accessed from the main body. The portion of the body that rests over the cab is referred to as the peak, also referred to, in some quarters as a luton, or a kick. Many commercial vehicles have tilting cabs. To allow for this the floor of the Luton may be hinged, and there may also be a hinged flap at the front. References / sources Modern UK & Ireland Truck Builders (1960s-current) (Factories in the UK) AWD / Bedford · Dennison (Ireland) · ( DAF ) · Dennis Eagle · Dodge · ERF · Foden · Ford of Britain Ford Trucks /( Iveco-Ford ) · Hino (Ireland) · Leyland Daf & Leyland Trucks ( Paccar ) · Multidrive · Scammell · ( Volvo ) · Unipower / Alvis-Unipower European manufacturers ACMAT · Agricola · Ajokki (Finland) · Albion Motors · Alfa Romeo (Italy) · Amanco · Astra (Italy) · AutoDiana · Avia (Czech) · Avia (Spain) · Barreiros (Spain) · Berliet (France) · Bernard (France) · Bollnäs · DAAG (Germany) · DAF (Netherlands) ( Paccar ) · EBIAN (Greece) · Ebro (Spanish) · ELBO (Greek) · Emelba (Spain) · Enasa (Spain) · Faun (German) · Fiat / Iveco (Italy)/ Ford Trucks / Iveco-Ford · FTF Trucks (Netherlands) · Hanomag · Hanomag Henschel · Hispano-Suiza (Spain) · Intrall (Poland) · IPV (Spain) · Jelcz · Kaelble · KMC · Laffly (France) · Latil (France) · LIAZ · Magirus-Deutz (Germany) · MAN (German) · Mercedes Benz (German) · MOL (Belgium) · Panhard (France) · Pegaso (Spain) · Renault (France) · Roman · Saurer (Switzerland) · Saviem · Scania · Scania-Vabis · Steyr (Austria) · Tatra (Czech) · Uro (Spain) · Volkswagen (Germany) · Volvo (Sweden) North American Manufacturers Autocar · Auto Truck · Bering Truck · Challenger Manufacturing Ltd Chevrolet · Diamond Reo · Diamond T · Dodge · Ford America · Freightliner · FWD Auto Co · GMC · Hayes Truck · Hendrickson · International · Kenworth ( Paccar ) · Locomobile · Mack · Marmon · Pacific · Peterbilt ( Paccar ) · REO · Republic · Schacht · Sterling · Western Star / White Motor Company China Rest of Asian & Former Soviet Union Manufacturers",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which Northern Ireland football club plays its home matches at Windsor Park?",
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"content": "Windsor Park: Northern Ireland fans want safety talks - BBC News BBC News Windsor Park: Northern Ireland fans want safety talks 1 April 2015 Close share panel Media captionBuilding work behind the stand has been ongoing in recent weeks, as Mark Simpson reports The Northern Ireland Supporters Club chairman has called for a meeting with the Irish Football Association over possible subsidence at Windsor Park. Club and international matches at the Belfast stadium could be in doubt after the West Stand was sealed off. Cracks in its structure were spotted on Tuesday. The IFA says it is waiting for a report from engineers. The Irish Cup final on 2 May and Northern Ireland's Euro 2016 qualifier with Romania on 13 June are scheduled. Image caption It is not known if the building work is directly related to the problems with the stand Gary McAllister of the Amalgamation of Northern Ireland Supporters Clubs said the IFA had three options for the Romania match if the stand had to be shut down: Play the match at a reduced-capacity Windsor Park Play it at the Kingspan stadium, Ulster Rugby's home ground Play it at a venue in Great Britain, possibly in Scotland He said this was all \"hypothetical\" until the IFA announced the findings of its structural inspection. Image caption The damage was spotted on Tuesday Building work behind the stand has been ongoing in recent weeks as part of the redevelopment of the area around Windsor Park, but it is not known if this is directly related. The stand was filled to capacity with Northern Ireland fans on Sunday for the Euro 2016 qualifier victory over Finland. Linfield and Crusaders are scheduled to meet at Windsor Park on Saturday in a top-of-the-table Irish Premiership match. \"The Irish FA (IFA) became aware on Tuesday morning of some damage having been caused overnight to the West Stand,\" the IFA said in a statement. \"We are currently awaiting a report from the structural engineers.\"",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In the Royal Navy what is the equivalent rank to a Flight Sergeant in the Royal Air Force?",
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"content": "BBC Academy - Journalism - Military ranks Subject guides / Military Military ranks The ranks of the UK armed services can be confusing. The chart below - edited by Dr Duncan Anderson, head of war studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst - sets out the equivalent ranks in the three UK services and the US Army. Guidance is provided by Sub Lt Max Cosby, Royal Navy. This page was last updated on 19/05/2015 Many journalists struggle to know their wing commander from their lieutenant commander, let alone where a US brigadier general comes in the pecking order. Strictly speaking, when the three UK armed forces are talked about in the same breath they should be listed in order of the seniority of the service: Royal Navy , British Army , Royal Air Force . Confusingly, the Royal Marines are part of the Royal Navy but use the rank structure of the British Army. To distinguish Royal Marines from their Army colleagues, their name should be followed by the words ‘Royal Marines’ or ‘RM’ - for example, ‘Lt Jack Smith Royal Marines’ or ‘Sgt Tom Brown RM’. To distinguish naval ranks from army ranks, such as captain and lieutenant, all Royal Navy officer ranks below admiral (midshipman all the way up to commodore) are followed by the words ‘Royal Navy’ or ‘RN’ - for example, ‘Lt Jack Smith Royal Navy’ or ‘Lt Jack Smith RN’. Officers The term ‘officer’ refers to someone with a commission. Warrant officers do not hold one. The same applies to Royal Navy chief petty officers and petty officers. And remember: the word ‘lieutenant’ should be pronounced ‘lef-tenant’ rather than the US ‘loo-tenant’. Lining up equivalent ranks in the Royal Navy, British Army and Royal Air Force with their counterparts in the United States Army is not an exact science, so the chart below is intended as a rough guide only:",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who had a morning show from June to October 1980 and a late night show from 1982 to 1993 weeknights at 12:30 a.m. at NBC in New York, then moved to CBS where the show screens at 11:30 p.m.?",
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"content": "David Letterman Biography - CNN iReport David Letterman Biography By AmericaLive | Posted November 11, 2010 | New York, New York CNN PRODUCER NOTE David Letterman (born April 12, 1947) is an American television host and comedian.[1] He hosts the late night television talk show, Late Show with David Letterman broadcast on CBS. Letterman has been a fixture on late night television since the 1982 debut of Late Night with David Letterman on NBC. Only Letterman's friend and mentor Johnny Carson has had a longer late-night hosting career.[2] Letterman is also a television and film producer. His company Worldwide Pants produces his show as well as its network followup The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson. Worldwide Pants has also produced several prime-time comedies, the most successful of which was Everybody Loves Raymond, currently in syndication. • Early life and career Letterman was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. His father, Harry Joseph Letterman (April 1915 – February 1973),[3] was a florist; his mother Dorothy Letterman (née Hofert, now Dorothy Mengering), a Presbyterian church secretary of German descent, is an occasional figure on the show, usually at holidays and birthdays. He has an older sister Janice and a younger sister Gretchen. Letterman lived on the north side of Indianapolis (Broad Ripple area), not far from Speedway, IN, and the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, and he enjoyed collecting model cars, including racers.[4] In 2000, he told an interviewer for Esquire that, while growing up, he admired his father's ability to tell jokes and be the life of the party. Harry Joseph Letterman survived a heart attack at age 36, when David was a young boy. The fear of losing his father was constantly with Letterman as he grew up.[5] The elder Letterman died of a second heart attack at age 57. Letterman attended his hometown's Broad Ripple High School at the same time as Marilyn Tucker Quayle (wife of the former Vice President) who lived nearby, and worked as a stock boy at the local Atlas supermarket.[6] According to the Ball State Daily News, he originally had wanted to attend Indiana University, but his grades weren't good enough, so he decided to attend Ball State University, in Muncie, Indiana.[7] He is a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity, and he graduated from what was then the Department of Radio and Television, in 1969. A self-described average student, Letterman endowed a scholarship for what he called \"C students\" at Ball State.[8] Letterman began his broadcasting career as an announcer and newscaster at the college's student-run radio station—WBST—a 10-watt campus station which now is part of Indiana public radio.[9] He was fired for treating classical music with irreverence.[9] Letterman then became involved with the founding of another campus station—WAGO-AM 570 (now WCRD, 91.3).[10] Letterman credits Paul Dixon—host of the Paul Dixon Show, a Cincinnati-based talk show also shown in Indianapolis while Letterman was growing up—for inspiring his choice of career:[11] \"I was just out of college [in 1969], and I really didn't know what I wanted to do. And then all the sudden I saw him doing it [on TV]. And I thought: That's really what I want to do!\" Weatherman Letterman began his career as a radio talk show host on WNTS (AM), and on Indianapolis television station WLWI (now called WTHR) as a local anchor and weatherman. He received some recognition for his unpredictable on-air behavior, which included congratulating a tropical storm for being upgraded to a hurricane and predicting hail stones \"the size of canned hams.\"[12] (To this day he occasionally gives out canned hams on his show). He would also occasionally report the weather and the day's very high and low temps for fictitious cities (\"Eight inches of snow in Bingree and surrounding areas.\"). He also starred in a local kiddie show, made wisecracks as host of a late night TV show called \"Freeze-Dried Movies\" (he once acted out a scene from \"Godzilla\" using plastic dinosaurs),[13] and hosted a talk show that aired early on Saturday morn",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which ubiquitous traffic aid was invented by Charles P. Rudebaker in 1914, in New York City?",
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"content": "highly visible | The Newtown Pentacle The Newtown Pentacle Altissima quaeque flumina minimo sono labi highly visible with one comment Broadway near Steinway Street – photo by Mitch Waxman As your humble narrator scuttles from place to place, turning over rocks to see what blind albino abnormalities might lurk beneath, a significant amount of road construction is encountered. New York is always in a state of near collapse and an army of municipal and contractor labor is kept busy filling in the cracks. Conflicted over sneaking pictures of these folks, I nevertheless find them fascinating, for the high visibility colors they wear excite the eye. from workzonesafety.org Title: ANSI/ISEA 107-2004: Revised American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel and HeadwearAbstract: This standard provides a uniform, authoritative guide for the design, performance specifications, and use of high-visibility and reflective apparel including vests, jackets, bib/jumpsuit coveralls, trousers and harnesses. Garments that meet this standard can be worn 24 hours a day to provide users with a high level of conspicuity through the use of combined fluorescent and retroreflective materials. The revised version of the standard expands the product coverage to include high-visibility headwear. It also contains additional testing procedures for knitted fabrics used as background material, and eliminates tests from the previous edition that added no value. Publisher: International Safety Equipment Association Third Avenue Manhattan – photo by Mitch Waxman If it won’t blind or distract the crews, don’t forget that this is heavy industry and quite dangerous work, try turning on the camera flash when photographing them. The reflective fabrics, technically retroreflective fabrics (which function like a Cat’s eyeshine), will blaze up and be the brightest point in the photo. New York City street signs also function in a similar fashion, and even the weakest flash will light them up from blocks away . Try it, especially on a dark and stormy day, the effects are somewhat unpredictable and often produce a prismatic and surreal photo. Class 1: needs to be conspicuous and use retroreflective materials not less than 25mm in width. Used when workers are well separated from traffic Vehicle speeds of less than 25 mph Parking attendants Emergency response personnel 31st street, Astoria – photo by Mitch Waxman All of the municipal and construction rules are meant to conform to the national OSHA specifications, but individual city organizations have their own wrinkle on safety gear. MTA workers, for instance, are often observed wearing goggles and ear protection as they work. No doubt, this is due to individual union agreements and task specific requirements. from nysdot.gov All DOT employees, contractor employees and visitors must wear protective helmets and high visibility construction apparel while working within a highway right of way or contract limits. Flaggers must wear high visibility traffic control apparel when directing or spotting traffic. High-visibility apparel is not required for employees and visitors when they are within a completely enclosed cab constructed of steel frame and glass, or inside a motor vehicle. 37th avenue, Dutch Kills – photo by Mitch Waxman NYFD, of course, has the most stringent series of rules for its crews. In the shot above, a 5 alarm fire at an industrial warehouse was belching black smoke into the street, but the firefighters are clearly identifiable through the murk- due to camera flash. Be careful around NYFD however, as they’re kind of busy people, and you don’t want to distract them. Also, should there be any piezoelectric activated equipment in use- DO NOT use your flash for fear of activating something. from fasny.com Back in November of 2008, there was a lot of confusion about the use of high-visibility vests at roadway incidents due to a new Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Rule. The new regulation, Rule 634, stated that “All workers within the right-of-way of a Federal-aid highway who are exposed e",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which actress appeared as a barmaid in over 2,800 episodes of 'Coronation Street' until her death in 2011?",
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"content": "Video: Coronation street actors mourn Betty Driver - Telegraph Celebrity News Video Coronation street actors mourn Betty Driver Coronation Street stars from the past and present gather in Manchester to say farewell to their much-loved colleague Betty Driver, who died a week ago. 5:18PM BST 22 Oct 2011 The actress died on October 15 aged 91 after being in hospital for the previous six weeks. She had appeared in more than 2,800 episodes of Coronation Street in the role of Betty Turpin, and later Betty Williams after her screen marriage. She was the longest serving barmaid at the fictional Rovers Return. Over her 42 years in the soap, her trademark lunchtime hotpot became a famed dish. Hundreds of members of the public gathered outside St Ann's Church in Manchester city centre on Saturday to watch her funeral service on a specially erected big screen. Among those attending the service were Coronation Street stars Julie Goodyear, Bill Tarmey, William Roache, Alec Barraclough and Michael Le Vell. Related Content",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Where are the Kasubi Tombs, also known as the Ssekabaka's Tombs, the burial grounds for four kings, which were badly damaged by fire on 16 March 2010?",
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"content": "Kasubi Tombs | OpenBuildings View original size Report The Kasubi Tombs in Kampala, Uganda, is the site of the burial grounds for four kabakas (kings of Buganda), and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. On 16 March 2010, some of the major buildings there were almost completely destroyed by a fire, the cause of which is under investigation. The outraged Buganda Kingdom has vowed to rebuild the tombs of their kings and President Museveni said the national government of Uganda would assist in the restoration of the site. Tombs The royal enclosure at Kasubi Hill, also known as the Ssekabaka's Tombs, was first built in 1881. The circular site contained many structures, including the royal tombs of four Kabakas of Buganda. The tombs were held in straw thatched buildings. The site remains an important spiritual and political site for the Baganda people. In 2001, the Kasubi Tombs were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The kabakas buried at the site were: Muteesa I (1835”“1884) Daudi Chwa II (1896”“1939) Sir Edward Muteesa II (1924”“1969). Destruction On 16 March 2010, at about 8.30 pm local time, the Kasubi tombs were destroyed by fire. The cause of the fire is as yet unknown. The Buganda kingdom has promised to conduct independent investigations into the fire, alongside the national police force. John Bosco Walusimbi, Prime Minister of the Buganda kingdom, stated on 17 March: The remains of the kabakas are intact, according to Walusimbi, as the inner sanctum of the tombs was protected from total destruction. On 17 March 2010, His Majesty the Kabaka of Buganda, Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, and the President of Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, visited the site of the tombs. Hundreds of people have also travelled to the site to help salvage any remains. During the President's visit, riots broke out. Security forces shot dead two rioters and five were reportedly injured. The Ugandan soldiers and police also clashed with rioters in the capital city of Kampala. Forces used tear gas to disperse rioters of the Baganda ethnic group. The destruction occurred in the midst of an awkward relationship between the government of Uganda and the Buganda kingdom, particularly in light of the September 2009 riots. Ahead of these riots, the king of Buganda Ronald Mutebi Mwenda was stopped from touring parts of his kingdom, and several journalists who were allegedly sympathetic to the kingdom and the rioters were arrested and are awaiting trial. The administration of the Buganda Kingdom has vowed to rebuild the tombs and President Museveni said the national government would assist in the restoration. these tombs were burnt out about 5 years ago via Mobile removed a media",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which company is responsible for Mates condoms?",
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"content": "Mates, Signs of Sexy | Mates condoms Mates, Signs of Sexy Flavours inspired by famous cocktails Buy now Expertise Mates history We are the 2nd largest condom manufacturer in the UK with a range of premium condoms, a loyal customer base and very strong brand awareness. Our brand has undergone numerous re-launches with some pretty impressionable and memorable campaigns some of which have won awards. Richard Branson launched Mates condoms in the UK in 1987 to promote condoms to young adults at a low price point as awareness of HIV and AIDS grew. A year later Ansell, who were initially manufacturing the condoms for the Virgin brand, bought Mates. Mates has evolved and developed to keep up with market changes, consumer demand and new product developments whilst always standing for safety and reliability. It is this consistency which has kept Mates a key player in the condom market. Mates can now be purchased in a variety of stores on the High Street, within major supermarkets, chemists and pharmacies. About The Ansell Group Ansell Ltd, formerly Pacific Dunlop Ltd, first commenced business in Australia in1905. Eric Ansell was employed at Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company and was asked to dismantle the plants condom making machine. Ansell saw an opportunity and set the machine up in a small rented house. Today, Ansell Ltd is a world leader in the design, supply, and marketing of barrier protection products and services. Ansell are an international manufacturer of condoms and own a variety of brands around the world – Mates in the UK, Lifestyles in the USA & Australia, and Manix in France to name but a few. Our operations are organized into three business segments - Professional Healthcare (medical examination and surgical gloves), Occupational Healthcare (industrial and consumer protective gloves), and Consumer Healthcare (condoms). We manufacture our products at eighteen factories in seven countries selling in more than 100 countries.The majority of our factories are located in Southeast Asia in order to be close to the rubber tree plantations - our source of natural latex. History Mates Quality Charter Mates reputation for fault-free products is not the result of mere chance but of rigorous manufacturing processes and a strict programme of tests and quality checks. Such perfectionism has not gone unnoticed, and the company is proud of its CE and BSI Kitemark credentials together with its ISO certifications. International Standard ISO 4074 : 2002 for male condoms manufactured in latex. The ISO 4074 : 2002 standard involves strict conformity to rigorous procedures demanded by manufacturers. Every product marketed in Europe has to satisfy the rigorous demands of ISO standards and to have been awarded the CE stamp of approval. The tests demanded by ISO 4074 : 2002 are as follows : Specifications relating to the size of the condoms Volume and bursting pressure Sex guide Why use a condom? Mates are the ideal condom to experiment with to spice up your sex life and discover new and delightful sensations. Not only that but Mates condoms give excellent protection from unintended pregnancy and STI’s too - many people now associate condoms instinctively with sex. Using a condom is also the only means of protecting yourself against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. It is highly advisable to wear one for all penetrative sexual contact, whether vaginal or anal. The use of condoms may have the added benefit of protecting women against cervical cancer. Mates would always advise that when you are having sex with one or more new partners that you always use a condom. Why a condom? How to use a condom Step 1: Tear along one side of the foil, removing the condom carefully.Condoms are strong but can be torn by sharp fingernails or jewellery. Step 2: Only put the condom on when the penis is erect and before contact with your partner's body, this helps prevent STIs and pregnancy. Place the condom over the end of the penis with the roll on the outside. With one hand pinch the teat of the condom to expel any trapped air, this will make space",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What name is given to the group of French speaking people living in areas of Southern Belgium?",
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"content": "Belgium travel guide - Wikitravel Understand[ edit ] Belgium is a densely populated country trying to balance the conflicting demands of urbanization, transport and industry with commercial and intensive agriculture. It imports large quantities of raw materials and exports a large volume of manufactured goods, mostly to other EU countries. History[ edit ] Belgium is the heir of several former Medieval powers, previously named Belgae (or Belgica reference to the Roman Empire period), and you will see traces of these everywhere during your trip in this country. After the collapse of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century, the territory that is nowadays Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg, was part of Lotharingia, an ephemeral kingdom soon to be absorbed into the Germanic Empire; however, the special character of \"Lower Lotharingia\" remained intact in the feudal Empire: this is the origin of the Low Countries, a general term that encompasses present-day Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg. The widely autonomous fiefdoms of the Low Countries were amongst the richest places in Medieval Europe and you will see traces of this past wealth in the rich buildings of Bruges, Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent, Leuven, Tournai, Mons, etc. These cities progressively fell under the control of a powerful and ambitious family : the Dukes of Burgundy. The whole realm of the dukes extended from the Low Countries to the borders of Switzerland. Using wealth, strategy, and alliances, the Dukes of Burgundy aimed at reconstituting Lotharingia. The death of the last Duke, Charles the Bold, put an end to this dream. However, the treasures of the Dukes of Burgundy remains as a testimony of their rules in Belgian museums and landmarks. The powerful Habsburg family then inherited from the Low Countries. Reformation is the reason that Belgium and Netherlands were first put apart: the northern half of the Low Countries embraced Protestantism and rebelled against the Habsburg rule, while the southern half remained faithful to both its ruler and the Catholic faith. These two halves roughly corresponds to present-day Belgium and Netherlands. Belgium was called Austrian Netherlands, then Spanish Netherlands, depending on which branch of the Habsburg ruled it. The powerful German emperor and Spanish king, Charles V, was born in the Belgian city of Ghent and ruled from Brussels. Many places in Belgium are named after him, including the city of Charleroi and even a brand of beer. Every year, the Brusselers emulate his first parade in their city in what is called the Ommegang. Belgium was briefly a part of the Napoleonic Empire. After Napoleon's defeat, a large Kingdom of the Netherlands was created, comprising the whole of the Low Countries. However, the religious opposition still remained and the split was aggravated by political differences between Belgian liberals and Dutch aristocrats. Belgium became independent from the Netherlands in 1830 after a short revolution and a war against the Netherlands. It was occupied by Germany during World Wars I and II and has many war graves near the battle zones, most of them are around Ieper (in English archaically rendered as Ypres , with Yperite another name for mustard gas due to intensive use there in the first World War). It has prospered in the past half century as a modern, technologically advanced European state and member of NATO and the EU. Tensions between the Dutch-speaking Flemings of the north and the French-speaking Walloons of the south have led in recent years to constitutional amendments granting these regions formal recognition and autonomy. Terrain[ edit ] Flat coastal plains in northwest, central rolling hills, wooded hills and valleys of Ardennes Forest in southeast. Electricity[ edit ] Electricity is supplied at 220-230V, 50Hz. Outlets are CEE7/5 (protruding male earth pin) and accept either CEE 7/5 (Grounded), CEE 7/7 (Grounded) or CEE 7/16 (non-grounded) plugs. Older German-type CEE 7/4 plugs are not compatible as they do not accommodate the earth pin found on this type of outlet. However, most mod",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; With which sport are the players Ernests Gulbis and Milos Raonic associated?",
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"content": "LIVE Milos Raonic - Ernests Gulbis - ATP Barcelona - 26 April 2013 - Eurosport Milos Raonic - Ernests Gulbis ATP Barcelona - 26 April 2013 Barcelona – Follow the Tennis match between Milos Raonic and Ernests Gulbis live with Eurosport. The match starts at 10:30 on 26 April 2013. Our live coverage lets you follow all the key moments as they happen. Head-to-head: see historical stats and visit our detailed profiles for Milos Raonic vs Ernests Gulbis . Get all the latest on Tennis : fixtures, results and tables.",
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the capital of the Turks and Caicos Islands?",
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"content": "Where is The Turks And Caicos Islands? / Where is The Turks And Caicos Islands Located in The World? / The Turks And Caicos Islands Map - WorldAtlas.com Where is The Turks And Caicos Islands? Location of The Turks And Caicos Islands on a map. What is the capital of The Turks And Caicos Islands? Located in the continent of the Caribbean , Turks and Caicos covers 948 square kilometers of land, making it the 190th largest nation in terms of land area. The Turks And Caicos Islands is a dependant territory of The United Kingdom. The population of The Turks And Caicos Islands is 46,335 (2012) and the nation has a density of 49 people per square kilometer. The currency of The Turks And Caicos Islands is the US Dollar (USD). As well, the people of The Turks And Caicos Islands are refered to as none. The dialing code for the country is 1 and the top level internet domain for none sites is .tc. The Turks And Caicos Islands does not share land borders with any countries. To learn more, visit our detailed Turks and Caicos section. Quick facts",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Roentgen Rays, named after Nobel Prize winner Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, are better known by what name?",
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"content": "Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen - Biographical Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901 Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Share this: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen - Biographical Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was born on March 27, 1845, at Lennep in the Lower Rhine Province of Germany, as the only child of a merchant in, and manufacturer of, cloth. His mother was Charlotte Constanze Frowein of Amsterdam, a member of an old Lennep family which had settled in Amsterdam. When he was three years old, his family moved to Apeldoorn in The Netherlands, where he went to the Institute of Martinus Herman van Doorn, a boarding school. He did not show any special aptitude, but showed a love of nature and was fond of roaming in the open country and forests. He was especially apt at making mechanical contrivances, a characteristic which remained with him also in later life. In 1862 he entered a technical school at Utrecht, where he was however unfairly expelled, accused of having produced a caricature of one of the teachers, which was in fact done by someone else. He then entered the University of Utrecht in 1865 to study physics. Not having attained the credentials required for a regular student, and hearing that he could enter the Polytechnic at Zurich by passing its examination, he passed this and began studies there as a student of mechanical engineering. He attended the lectures given by Clausius and also worked in the laboratory of Kundt. Both Kundt and Clausius exerted great influence on his development. In 1869 he graduated Ph.D. at the University of Zurich, was appointed assistant to Kundt and went with him to Würzburg in the same year, and three years later to Strasbourg. In 1874 he qualified as Lecturer at Strasbourg University and in 1875 he was appointed Professor in the Academy of Agriculture at Hohenheim in Württemberg. In 1876 he returned to Strasbourg as Professor of Physics, but three years later he accepted the invitation to the Chair of Physics in the University of Giessen. After having declined invitations to similar positions in the Universities of Jena (1886) and Utrecht (1888), he accepted it from the University of Würzburg (1888), where he succeeded Kohlrausch and found among his colleagues Helmholtz and Lorenz. In 1899 he declined an offer to the Chair of Physics in the University of Leipzig, but in 1900 he accepted it in the University of Munich, by special request of the Bavarian government, as successor of E. Lommel. Here he remained for the rest of his life, although he was offered, but declined, the Presidency of the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt at Berlin and the Chair of Physics of the Berlin Academy. Röntgen's first work was published in 1870, dealing with the specific heats of gases, followed a few years later by a paper on the thermal conductivity of crystals. Among other problems he studied were the electrical and other characteristics of quartz; the influence of pressure on the refractive indices of various fluids; the modification of the planes of polarised light by electromagnetic influences; the variations in the functions of the temperature and the compressibility of water and other fluids; the phenomena accompanying the spreading of oil drops on water. Röntgen's name, however, is chiefly associated with his discovery of the rays that he called X-rays. In 1895 he was studying the phenomena accompanying the passage of an electric current through a gas of extremely low pressure. Previous work in this field had already been carried out by J. Plucker (1801-1868), J. W. Hittorf (1824-1914), C. F. Varley (1828-1883), E. Goldstein (1850-1931), Sir William Crookes (1832-1919), H. Hertz (1857-1894) and Ph. von Lenard (1862-1947), and by the work of these scientists the properties of cathode rays - the name given by Goldstein to the electric current established in highly rarefied gases by the very high tension electricity generated by Ruhmkorff's induction coil - had become well known. Röntgen's",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who shot and killed Billy the Kid in 1881?",
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"content": "Billy the Kid is shot to death - Jul 14, 1881 - HISTORY.com Billy the Kid is shot to death Share this: Billy the Kid is shot to death Author Billy the Kid is shot to death URL Publisher A+E Networks Sheriff Pat Garrett shoots Henry McCarty, popularly known as Billy the Kid, to death at the Maxwell Ranch in New Mexico. Garrett, who had been tracking the Kid for three months after the gunslinger had escaped from prison only days before his scheduled execution, got a tip that Billy was holed up with friends. While Billy was gone, Garrett waited in the dark in his bedroom. When Billy entered, Garrett shot him to death. Back on April 1, 1878, Billy the Kid ambushed Sheriff William Brady andone deputy in Lincoln, New Mexico, after ranch owner John Tunstall had been murdered. Billy had worked at Tunstall’s ranch and was outraged by his employer’s slaying-vowing to hunt down every man responsible. Sheriff Brady and his men, who had been affiliated with rival ranchers, were involved with the gang that killed Tunstall on February 18. Billy’s retaliatory attack left Brady and Deputy George Hindman dead. Although only 18 years old at the time, Billy had now committed as many as 17 murders. Following his indictment for the murder of Sheriff Brady, Billy the Kid was the most wanted man in the West. Evading posses sent to capture him, he eventually struck a deal with the new governor of New Mexico: In return for his testimony against the perpetrators of the ongoing ranch wars in the state, Billy would be set free. Although he kept his word about the testimony, he began to distrust the promise that he would be released and so he escaped. Once a fugitive, Billy killed a few more men, including the gunslinger Joe Grant, who had challenged him to a showdown. Legend has it that Billy managed to get a hold of Grant’s gun prior to the fight and made sure that an empty chamber was up first in the man’s revolver. When it came time to fire, only Billy’s gun went off and Grant was left dead. Legendary Sheriff Pat Garrett finally brought Billy the Kid in to stand trial. The judge sentenced Billy the Kid to hang until “you are dead, dead, dead.” Billy reportedly responded, “And you can go to hell, hell, hell.” Two weeks before his scheduled execution, Billy escaped, killing two guards in the process. Garrett mounted yet another posse to bring in the Kid. After tracing him to the Maxwell Ranch, Garrett shot him to death. No legal charges were brought against him since the killing was ruled a justifiable homicide. Related Videos",
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the name of the helicopter used to transport the President of the USA?",
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"content": "President Obama's New Marine One Helicopter Tools & Gear President Obama's New Marine One Helicopter President Obama is scheduled to receive a new Marine One helicopter sometime in late 2009. Now seven years into development, the Lockheed Martin VH-71 is outfitted with state-of-the-art defensive measures, secure communications, and crash survivability fuselage design. On-board encrypted videoconferencing capabilities will now allow the President to hold virtual meetings with military advisors, senior politicians, and other world leaders. Though the full-spectrum of security features is not being publicly disseminated, a general overview of some key features has been released. The new Marine One helicopter will feature the latest in radar warning receivers, incoming laser detection, and counter-measures to help evade a surface-to-air or air-to-air missile attack. The new VH-71 Marine One helicopter is 64 feet long. It is outfitted to carry 14 passengers and has a galley kitchen and a lavatory. The new helicopter has a range of 350 miles. By contrast, the old Sikorsky Sea Kings can only transport 10 passengers over a range of just 100 miles. A total of 28 of the Lockheed VH-71 helicopters will be phased in over a 10 year period to replace the Presidents current 19 helicopter fleet that is comprised of Sikorsky VH-3D Sea Kings and VH-60N Black Hawks. The Sea King is the helicopter model the President has most often been transported in for the last 5 decades. In fact, some of the individual aircraft in the current fleet are over 30 years old. The new Marine One helicopter project, being overseen by the U.S. Navy Air Systems Command, has been controversial for a couple of reasons. First of all, each of the helicopters will cost an estimated $400 million dollars, and 28 of them are being built. Secondly, though the helicopters are being manufactured by U.S.-based Lockheed Martin, the aircraft is actually a design sourced from Augusta Westland of the UK. The size of the new Marine One project budget is pretty amazing when one puts it into perspective... At $400 million dollars apiece, each helicopter costs more than the Presidents Air Force One Boeing 747. The development contract has ballooned from an original cost of $6.2 billion to more than $11 billion. This has happened in spite of the fact that the new Marine One is based upon an existing Augusta Westland EH101 helicopter design that has been in service for several years. Regular EH101 helicopters cost around $60 million dollars each, a mere fraction of the new Presidential helicopters price tag. Connecticut-based Sikorsky Aircraft has provided helicopters to American Presidents since 1961. So, it was quite a blow to Sikorsky when they were beaten by the Lockheed Martin/Augusta Westland team and saw their high-profile relationship with the Whitehouse slip away. But simply, the superior capabilities of the Lockheed/Augusta helicopter was the better match for the unique needs of the current President of the United States.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; As what is a Chinese gooseberry also known?",
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"content": "What is a Chinese Gooseberry? (with pictures) What is a Chinese Gooseberry? Last Modified Date: 08 January 2017 Copyright Protected: These 10 animal facts will amaze you \"Chinese gooseberry \" is the lesser-known name for the kiwifruit, a popular subtropical fruit that became well known around the world in the 1950s, when it began to be exported from New Zealand on a large scale. This fruit has a characteristic tart, acidic flavor and pulpy green flesh. The fruits are also sometimes called kiwi fruits, or simply kiwis. Whatever consumers call it, it is used in a wide range of dishes and is also eaten out of hand. Many grocery stores carry kiwis in season, and they can also be grown at home in temperate climates. The fruit is native to Southern China, where it has historically been known by a range of names. In the early 1900s, several plants were imported to New Zealand, where they found a home in some private gardens. The Chinese gooseberry has very decorative foliage and attractive white flowers, so many gardeners grew it as a trailing vine as well as a fruit producing plant. In 1924, a sturdy, large cultivar known as the Hayward was developed, and commercial production began in a serious way. Beginning in the 1950s, the fruit started to be exported to various countries around the world, including the United States. New Zealand growers changed the name of the fruit to “melonette,” due to concerns about Cold War hostilities between the United States and China that might make a \"Chinese\" fruit unappealing to the American market. American importers did not like the name, however, leading New Zealand growers to suggest the alternate name of kiwifruit, which quickly caught on. Several varieties of Chinese gooseberry are grown around the world, including a golden version with sweet, sunny flesh and cold-hardy versions designed for colder climates. The fruits are high in vitamin C and fiber, and they are made into jam, added to fruit salads, and eaten straight. Some consumers enjoy the fuzzy brown skin, while others prefer to scoop the flesh out. Kiwis also contain an enzyme that some people are allergic to, leading to a tinging, sometimes unpleasant feeling around the lips and mouth. In extreme cases, the allergy can be more severe, requiring medical attention. People who are allergic to papayas and pineapples should probably avoid kiwis as well. Most cultivars of the fruit are hardy through USDA zone eight, as long as they are grown in temperate weather with cool winters and mild summers. Some cultivars have been specifically bred for cooler weather, and they are often available at garden stores in these regions. Since the plant is a vine, it should be planted with a sturdy trellis , and approximately 20 feet (6 meters) should be left between plants. If fruit is a desired, at least one male plant should be planted for every nine female plants. The kiwi prefers well drained soil in full sun exposure, and it should be pruned every year to encourage healthy fruit producing vines. It will take two to four years for a vine to produce fruit after planting. Ad Judynz Post 9 @Bakersdozen We had another fruit that had a name change for marketing. Tree Tomatoes. They are now Tamarillos. I will not call them not this name. @SarahGen: I recall many times seeing Kiwis in jelly or just sitting on the top. However since very little of our food hasn't been fooled around with, I would say jellies are quite different these days and probably could reject the Kiwi. Judynz Post 8 As a child of the 40s I was pleased to see this fruit being called by its original name (original for me) I believe it may have come from China in the first instance. The only time I ever experienced the tingling spoken of was when we picked them. We didn't brush off all the hairy outside properly and ate too many without a spoon. I came here expecting to see a small golden fruit that when ripe is within a fragile looking skeletal sac. Like a chinese lantern. So we had two Chinese Gooseberries. This should have been confusing. SarahGen Post 5 @fBoyle-- You're wrong",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; For what medical condition would a doctor administer an antitussive?",
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"content": "Antitussive oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD 2 Uses Guaifenesin is used to treat coughs and congestion caused by the common cold , bronchitis , and other breathing illnesses. This product is usually not used for ongoing cough from smoking or long-term breathing problems (such as chronic bronchitis , emphysema ) unless directed by your doctor. Guaifenesin is an expectorant. It works by thinning and loosening mucus in the airways, clearing congestion, and making breathing easier. If you are self-treating with this medication , it is important to read the package instructions carefully before you start using this product to be sure it is right for you. (See also Precautions section.) Cough -and-cold products have not been shown to be safe or effective in children younger than 6 years. Therefore, do not use this product to treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the doctor. Some products (such as long-acting tablets/capsules) are not recommended for use in children younger than 12 years. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details about using your product safely. These products do not cure or shorten the length of the common cold . To decrease the risk for side effects, carefully follow all dosage directions. Do not give other cough-and-cold medication that might contain the same or similar ingredients (see also Drug Interactions section). Ask the doctor or pharmacist about other ways to relieve cough and cold symptoms (such as drinking enough fluids, using a humidifier or saline nose drops/spray). How to use Antitussive Take this medication by mouth with or without food, as directed by your doctor, usually every 4 hours. If you are self-treating, follow all directions on the product package. If you are uncertain about any of the information, ask your doctor or pharmacist. Guaifenesin may have a bitter taste. Do not split the tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing. If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose. For powder packets, empty the entire contents of the packet onto the tongue and swallow. To prevent a bitter taste, do not chew. Dosage is based on your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. Do not take more than 6 doses in a day. Do not increase your dose or take this drug more often than directed. Drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication. Fluids will help to break up mucus and clear congestion. Tell your doctor if your cough is accompanied by fever, severe sore throat , rash , persistent headache , or if it persists, returns, or worsens after 7 days. These may be signs of a serious medical problem. Seek immediate medical attention if you think you may have a serious medical problem. What conditions does Antitussive treat? Side Effects Nausea or vomiting may occur. If either of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Most people using this medication do not have serious side effects. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction , including: rash , itching /swelling (especially of the face/ tongue /throat), severe dizziness , trouble breathing. This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist. In the US - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch. In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345. List A",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; \"Which English duo had hits between 1984 and 1987 that included West End Girls\"\", \"\"Opportunities (Let's Make Lots of Money)\"\", \"\"Love Comes Quickly\"\", \"\"Suburbia\"\", \"\"It's a Sin\"\", \"\"What Have I Done to Deserve This?\"\", \"\"Rent\"\" and \"\"Always on My Mind\"\"?\"",
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"content": "Pet Shop Boys | New Music And Songs | Pet Shop Boys About Pet Shop Boys Post-modern ironists cloaked behind a veil of buoyantly melodic and lushly romantic synth pop confections, Pet Shop Boys established themselves among the most commercially and critically successful groups of their era with cheeky, smart, and utterly danceable music. Always remaining one step ahead of their contemporaries, the British duo navigated the constantly shifting landscape of modern dance-pop with rare grace and intelligence, moving easily from disco to house to techno with their own distinctive image remaining completely intact. Satiric and irreverent -- yet somehow strangely affecting -- they also transcended the seeming disposability of their craft, offering wry and thoughtful cultural commentary communicated by the Morse code of au courant synth washes and drum-machine rhythms. Pet Shop Boys formed in London in August 1981, when vocalist Neil Tennant (a former editor at Marvel Comics who later gained some recognition as a journalist for Smash Hits magazine) first met keyboardist Chris Lowe (a onetime architecture student) at an electronics shop. Discovering a shared passion for dance music and synthesizers, they immediately decided to start a band. After dubbing themselves Pet Shop Boys in honor of friends who worked in such an establishment -- while also obliquely nodding to the sort of names prevalent among the New York City hip-hop culture of the early '80s -- the duo's career first took flight in 1983, when Tennant met producer Bobby \"O\" Orlando while on a writing assignment. Orlando produced their first single, 1984's \"West End Girls.\" The song was a minor hit in the U.S. but went nowhere in Britain, and its follow-up, \"One More Chance,\" was also unsuccessful. Upon signing to EMI, Pet Shop Boys issued 1985's biting \"Opportunities (Let's Make Lots of Money).\" When it too failed to attract attention, the duo's future appeared grim, but Tennant and Lowe then released an evocative new Stephen Hague production of \"West End Girls,\" which became an international chart-topper. Its massive success propelled Pet Shop Boys' 1986 debut LP, Please, into the Top Ten, and when \"Opportunities\" was subsequently reissued, it too became a hit. Disco, a collection of dance remixes, was quickly rushed into stores, and in 1987 the duo resurfaced with the superb Actually, which launched two more Top Ten smashes -- \"It's a Sin\" and \"What Have I Done to Deserve This?,\" a duet between Tennant and the great Dusty Springfield. Later that year, \"Always on My Mind,\" a lovely cover of the perennial Elvis Presley standard, reached number one in several countries and the Top Ten in the U.S. A documentary film titled It Couldn't Happen Here was released one year later. In October 1988, Pet Shop Boys issued their third studio LP, the eclectic Introspective. \"Domino Dancing\" and \"Left to My Own Devices\" both reached the Top Ten in Great Britain. The following year, Pet Shop Boys collaborated with a variety of performers, most notably Liza Minnelli, for whom they produced the 1989 LP Results. They also produced material for Springfield, and Tennant joined New Order frontman Bernard Sumner and ex-Smiths guitarist Johnny Marr in the group Electronic, scoring a hit with the single \"Getting Away with It.\" Tennant and Lowe reconvened in 1990 for the muted, downcast Behavior, produced by Harold Faltermeyer. Their hit medley of U2's \"Where the Streets Have No Name\" and Frankie Valli's \"Can't Take My Eyes Off You\" was released in 1991, and was followed in 1993 by Very, lauded as among the duo's finest efforts. After a three-year absence, Pet Shop Boys resurfaced with Bilingual, a fluid expansion into Latin rhythms. Nightlife followed in 1999 and sparked the dance club hit \"New York City Boy,\" whose success allowed the group to tour the U.S. for the first time in eight years. While on tour, the duo also collaborated with playwright Jonathan Harvey on a musical surrounding gay life and societal criticisms, which the three had been planning since 1997. Closer to Heaven made its We",
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trivia_qa_1505767
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What function must be applied to the numbers 10 and 5 to provide 50 as the result?",
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"content": "C++ Programming/Code/Statements/Functions - Wikibooks, open books for an open world C++ Programming/Code/Statements/Functions Functions[ edit ] A function , which can also be referred to as subroutine , procedure, subprogram or even method , carries out tasks defined by a sequence of statements called a statement block that need only be written once and called by a program as many times as needed to carry out the same task. Functions may depend on variables passed to them, called arguments , and may pass results of a task on to the caller of the function, this is called the return value . It is important to note that a function that exists in the global scope can also be called global function and a function that is defined inside a class is called a member function. (The term method is commonly used in other programming languages to refer to things like member functions, but this can lead to confusion in dealing with C++ which supports both virtual and non-virtual dispatch of member functions.) Note: When talking or reading about programming, you must consider the language background and the topic of the source. It is very rare to see a C++ programmer use the words procedure or subprogram, this will vary from language to language. In many programming languages the word function is reserved for subroutines that return a value, this is not the case with C++. Declarations[ edit ] A function must be declared before being used, with a name to identify it, what type of value the function returns and the types of any arguments that are to be passed to it. Parameters must be named and declare what type of value it takes. Parameters should always be passed as const if their arguments are not modified. Usually functions performs actions, so the name should make clear what it does. By using verbs in function names and following other naming conventions programs can be read more naturally. The next example we define a function named main that returns an integer value int and takes no parameters. The content of the function is called the body of the function. The word int is a keyword. C++ keywords are reserved words, i.e., cannot be used for any purpose other than what they are meant for. On the other hand main is not a keyword and you can use it in many places where a keyword cannot be used (though that is not recommended, as confusion could result). int main() { // code return 0; } To do: Merge and spread the info The inline keyword declares an inline function, the declaration is a (non-binding) request to the compiler that a particular function be subjected to in-line expansion ; that is, it suggests that the compiler insert the complete body of the function in every context where that function is used and so it is used to avoid the overhead implied by making a CPU jump from one place in code to another and back again to execute a subroutine, as is done in naive implementations of subroutines. inline swap( int& a, int& b) { int const tmp(b); b=a; a=tmp; } When a function definition is included in a class/struct definition, it will be an implicit inline, the compiler will try to automatically inline that function. No inline keyword is necessary in this case; it is legal, but redundant, to add the inline keyword in that context, and good style is to omit it. Example: struct length { explicit length(int metres) : m_metres(metres) {} operator int&() { return m_metres; } private: int m_metres; }; Inlining can be an optimization, or a pessimization. It can increase code size (by duplicating the code for a function at multiple call sites) or can decrease it (if the code for the function, after optimization, is less than the size of the code needed to call a non-inlined function). It can increase speed (by allowing for more optimization and by avoiding jumps) or can decrease speed (by increasing code size and hence cache misses). One important side-effect of inlining is that more code is then accessible to the optimizer. Marking a function as inline also has an effect on linking: multiple definitions of an inline function are permitted",
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trivia_qa_1505768
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which lake, the largest by volume in the USA after the Great Lakes, lies on the border of California and Nevada?",
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"content": "Search Results - Lakelubbers Show only guest editable lakes Search Results Here are the 929 lakes we have listed within USA - compared by Largest Lakes - Water Volume. Note: For some lakes, \"Largest Lakes - Water Volume\" is unknown or does not apply, so this comparison may show fewer lakes than you originally selected. Suggest a new lake . Page 1 of 38. (Ontario, Canada / Great Lakes / Michigan, USA / Minnesota, USA / Wisconsin, USA) 9,799,680,000 Skipping over state and country borders, Lake Superior, the largest, deepest, coldest, cleanest, least developed, and most pristine of the Great Lakes, reigns as the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area. By volume, this 31,820 square mile colossus ranks fourth - a whopping 2,900 cubic ... (Ontario, Canada / Great Lakes / Illinois, USA / Indiana, USA / Michigan, USA / Wisconsin, USA) 6,858,776,000 Lake Michigan and Lake Huron - two of North America's Great Lakes - are contiguous and they share the same elevation of 577 feet above sea level. They are connected by the five-mile-wide Straits of Mackinac. Hydrologically, this makes these \"two lakes\" a single lake. Some hydrologists designate the ... (Great Lakes / Illinois, USA / Indiana, USA / Michigan, USA / Wisconsin, USA) 3,987,456,000 As the only Great Lake nestled completely within the boundaries of the United States, Lake Michigan is the pride and joy of Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan. The lake boasts a huge area of 22,400 square miles, making it the largest freshwater lake (by surface area) in the world to be contained ... (Ontario, Canada / Great Lakes / Michigan, USA) 2,872,320,000 A glacial lake of epic proportions, Lake Huron is the second largest of the five Great Lakes by surface area, boasting 23,010 square miles and an incredible 3,825-mile shoreline. The massive lake is the third largest of the Great Lakes by water volume, containing 850 cubic miles of fresh water within ... (Ontario, Canada / Great Lakes / New York, USA) 1,328,025,600 Lake Ontario, one of the world's five Great Lakes, weaves over state and country borders, delighting Americans, Canadians, and visiting tourists with its deep, clear, clean waters. Proudly home to a staggering 4,700,000 acres (7,340 square miles), Lake Ontario is the smallest of the Great Lakes, the ... (Ontario, Canada / Great Lakes / New York, USA / Pennsylvania, USA / Michigan, USA / Ohio, USA) 391,987,200 Lake Erie, one of the Great Lakes of North America, straddles the borders of Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Michigan, and the Canadian province of Ontario. The lake is named after the Native American tribe that inhabited its shores before being killed off by the Iroquois League for aiding their enemy, ... (California, USA / Nevada, USA) 122,160,280 Tucked into the Sierra Nevada Mountains and straddling the California-Nevada state line, Lake Tahoe is one of the most famous lakes in the United States. It's the second deepest lake in the country (only Crater Lake in Oregon is deeper), and was home to the area's 1960 Squaw Valley Winter Olympics. ... 43,939,940 Also known as: Albeni Falls Dam Set in a valley carved by glaciers from Canada, Lake Pend Oreille (pond-a-RAY) is surrounded by mountains with altitudes exceeding 6,000 feet. It's 94,600 surface acres - 148 square miles - plunge to depths reaching 1,152 feet, making it one of the largest and deepest natural lakes in the western United ... (Arizona, USA / Nevada, USA) 28,537,000 Lake Mead is the USA's largest man-made reservoir in amount of water it can hold. Although Lake Powell is marginally larger in acreage at full-pond, Lake Mead holds more water by volume and thus is considered the larger of the two. In the size of their surfaces, both are dwarfed by Lake Sakakawea and ... 28,000,000 Also known as: America's Dead Sea Sometimes called \"America's Dead Sea,\" the Great Salt Lake occupies approximately 1,700 square miles of Utah's real estate. It is the second largest lake (by surface area) that is wholly contained within the USA; only Lake Michigan is larger. Great Sal",
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trivia_qa_1505769
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Tamino, Sarastro, Pamina and Papageno are all characters from which opera by Mozart?",
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"content": "The Magic Flute: characters | The Magic Flute The Magic Flute Characters The characters of Die Zauberflöte: thumbnail sketches Die Zauberflöte is a fairytale. The traditional oppositions between the characters of the chosen ones (Tamino/Pamina) and the non-initiated (Papageno), the good and wise (Sarastro, the priests) and their enemies (the Queen of the Night, the Three Ladies, Monostatos), are clearly motivated in dramaturgical terms, even if this does not forbid us from seeing them in a slightly different light. Here are a few cursory – and personal – sketches of them, rather like those one might make for use, say, in a little puppet theatre. Papageno : the birdcatcher, a clumsy, comical character written for the librettist to play, is the heir to the Kasperl and Hanswurst figures of Viennese popular theatre, a trace of whose accent he retains. The attribute of this ‘know-all’ who really knows nothing is a set of panpipes that can charm birds (he will also make incidental use of a set of magic bells). In a sense he lies at the centre of the opera: his failed, even parodic initiation sets in perspective the gravity of the itinerary followed by the Tamino/Pamina couple and the solemnity of a discourse which thus always remains human and accessible. He emerges as an amiable coward with a tendency to put his foot in it, deeply in love with life and with his Papagena, and his feathered person and catchy tunes add a touch of bright colour to the austere interplay of shadows and light which structures the drama. Tamino : the young man is in love with Princess Pamina. We admire his fine bearing, his extreme sensibility, his steadfastness in the trials, his sublime arias. Yet he makes an unexpected entrance by fainting before a serpent that pursues him. Of course it is not the serpent that frightens him, but what it symbolises. The Three Ladies save the young prince, the better to deceive his innocence and subject him to the power of the Queen of the Night. Only once he is inside the Temple does he understand that he has been tricked, a sign that his initiation has been successful. It is on this initiation of Tamino and Pamina – and alongside them the audience – that the entire drama rests. His attribute is a flute. As his initiation progresses, he will discover all its enchanted powers: it can charm the animals of the forest and will assist him in passing through the terrible trials of Fire and Water, thus helping to make the world a better place. Pamina : the object of both the noblest and the basest desires (Tamino and Monostatos respectively), she is Tamino’s reward for successfully undergoing his initiation. She is depicted in a portrait given to Tamino by the Three Ladies, in which, according to Papageno, she is seen with dark eyes, red lips and blonde hair. She encounters her beloved in a particularly dramatic scene, only to be separated from him again until they are at last reunited to accomplish the final trials of purification together. As the daughter of the Queen of the Night, she is torn between her filial love and her love for Tamino. She plays an active role on the path towards wisdom, leading Tamino behind her in the final trials. Mozart assigned her the most deeply-felt arias, quivering with emotion, sometimes desperate, in which she displays a nobility and resolution that foreshadow the qualities of the heroines of early Romanticism, such as Beethoven’s Leonore or Agathe in Der Freischütz). Papagena : she appears quite late in the opera, in a comic role (disguised as an old woman both physically and vocally) that culminates in a magnificent love duet with Papageno (the only true love duet in the opera). The Second Priest had promised her to Papageno if he passed his trials. Since such is not the case, she appears to him in the least attractive form imaginable. Yet love will transform her into a beautiful female birdcatcher. Her role is at once tender and mischievous. The father and the mother : Sarastro and the Queen of the Night. They too may be seen though the eyes of childhood. Sarastro : outward appearan",
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trivia_qa_1505770
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In which ballet does the character Odette Odile appear",
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"content": "A bevy of swans: three Boston Ballet ballerinas talk about starring in Swan Lake - CriticalDance CriticalDance A bevy of swans: three Boston Ballet ballerinas talk about starring in Swan Lake October 27, 2014 Boston Ballet dancers on Boston’s Swan Boats. Photo © Liza Voll From October 30 to November 16, Boston Ballet presents artistic director Mikko Nissinen’s new production of “Swan Lake”. Carla DeFord chats to principal dancers Lia Cirio, Ashley Ellis, and Misa Kuranaga, who will appear in rotation as Odette-Odile, about how they are approaching this supreme challenge to the ballerina’s art and about more mundane issues, such as how they recover from such intense performances. Arguably the best-known as well as the most arduous role in the entire classical ballet repertoire, Odette-Odile reveals not only the ballerina’s individual personality and style of movement, but also her way of thinking about good and evil, power and submission, love and death. In dancing this role each ballerina becomes a link in an unbroken chain of tradition forged over a hundred years ago that includes such luminaries as Ulanova, Plisetskaya, Fonteyn, and Makarova. In the words of celebrated dancer Tamara Rojo in a recent BBC documentary as she put on the Swan Queen’s headdress, they are about to take their place “among all the other ballerinas who have worn these feathers.” Lia Cirio CDF: Have you danced “Swan Lake” before? LC: I danced the White Swan pas de deux with James Whiteside [former Boston Ballet principal dancer] at my school, Central Pennsylvania Youth Ballet, for a reunion gala in 2005, and we danced the White and Black Swan pas de deux in Allentown, Pennsylvania, with the Allentown Symphony. We were both in the corps then. This will be the first time I have danced the whole ballet. I’m developing as an artist and learning so much from this experience. Lia Cirio rehearsing Bostal Ballet’s new production of’Swan Lake’. Photo © Jeffrey Cirio What are your goals in portraying Odette-Odile? I want to show that every step is part of the story and reflects what’s going on in the character’s mind. The beauty of “Swan Lake” is that it’s two different stories, and I love to delve into each one. It’s important to me that Odette be more than just a sad bird, although one can play her that way, but she’s still a queen, and she has her pride. Sometimes that pride takes over, and we see that when she resists the Prince, but then there’s the moment when he catches her, and she melts. I want her to have that ebb and flow of emotion, a journey from fear to trust. Can you describe the coaching process? Working with Larissa [Ponomarenko, former Boston Ballet principal dancer] is a gift. I saw her “Swan Lake” in 2004 and 2008, and I almost worshipped her in it. In addition to helping me make my arms more feather-like, she gives me words of wisdom. For example, about Odette’s entrance in Act II, Larissa said, “We’ve been flying, and now we’re landing on the water.” That explains the Swan Queen’s movements at that moment; she is looking at her reflection in the lake and seeing how beautiful she is. In Act IV when the Prince comes in, and Odette looks into his eyes, Larissa said the Swan Queen is asking herself, “Why did I do it? Why did I trust this man?” By giving us different things to think about, Larissa helps us imagine Odette’s interior monologue and her emotional states. What part does your partner play in your interpretation of the role? Lasha [Kozashvili] and I have been dancing together since he came to Boston in 2010. He has done “Swan Lake” before in [Democratic Republic of] Georgia and when he guested in Kazakhstan. We’ve gotten so used to each other that it’s easy to have the chemistry and working relationship we need. I completely trust him in the lifts; he’s massive, has long arms, and knows exactly where my weight is. He also gives me ideas and little tips. He’ll say, “Why don’t we do this grip?” He’s always trying to improve his partnering. Lia Cirio in ‘The Nutcracker’, which follows hot on the heels of ‘Swan Lake’. Photo © Gene S",
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trivia_qa_1505771
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who won the 2010 'Oscar' for Best Actor for the film 'Crazy Heart'?",
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"content": "Best Actor Oscar 2010: Who Should Win? (PHOTOS) | The Huffington Post Best Actor Oscar 2010: Who Should Win? (PHOTOS) 04/09/2010 05:12 am ET | Updated May 25, 2011 100 None of these five men have won an Oscar for best lead actor, but Jeff Bridges, George Clooney and Morgan Freeman have been nominated in the category and Clooney and Freeman have won supporting actor Oscars. This is a first Oscar nomination for Colin Firth and Jeremy Renner.",
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trivia_qa_1505772
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What animal is used to participate in 'The Sport of Kings'?",
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"content": "Animals in Entertainment | Learning to Give Search Resource Library Animals in Entertainment Animals have been and will continue to be used in entertainment, often to the detriment of the animals. While laws are helpful in banning and regulating certain practices, it is the demand for entertainment that will always keep the business flourishing. Jennifer Dragotta, MS Ed. Definition \"Animals in Entertainment\" refers to any animal(s) used to act, perform, fight and/or kill for the enjoyment of humans. The term encompasses many different forms of entertainment – from circuses to movies to bullfighting. Except for a few situations, most animals are taken out of their natural environment to perform acts not typically in their behavioral repertoire. Domestic animals who appear in films are an exception as many are able to stay in their natural habitat. Exotic animals used for entertainment, such as elephants, tigers, and dolphins, are taken from their respective habitats and may be starved, beaten or otherwise maltreated to become submissive to a trainer. Many of these animals are continually maltreated throughout their performance years in an effort to make them behave accordingly. Most of the training occurs privately, making it easy for many to deny that cruelty to animals exists in the entertainment field. However, if one looks closely during the circus, for example, it is apparent how these animals are treated - performers threaten tigers with a whip and often hit elephants with metal rung on their legs. Historic Roots It appears as though animals were used for entertainment purposes since ancient times. Archeological findings in Macedonia that date back to 2,000 B.C.E. (Library Index) reveal that lions were kept in cages for the benefit of humans. The Circus Maximus in Rome began in 2 B.C.E. and is one of the most well-known entertainment venues in history. Chariot races, which involved horses, were the most popular and often resulted in death to both human and horses. Another popular event involved lions and human gladiators fighting to the death. The stadium always reached its capacity of 270,000 spectators. Circuses today are just as popular. While they no longer include fights to the death, the inherent act of animals performing against their will and living in atypical conditions suggests cruelty. Dog fighting is assumed to have existed since the domestication of the species. (Wikipedia). Some dogs were bred and continue to be bred for this purpose. Dog fighting is often associated with the English, who reveled in this blood sport for hundreds of years. However, most cultures have practiced dog fighting throughout history. During the 12th century, dog fighting was very popular in Japan. This was a peaceful time in Japan’s history and dog fighting was encouraged to retain some aggression (Wikipedia). Today, dog fighting occurs in most countries, even with laws against the practice. Cockfighting, while not as popular as dog fighting, is still prevalent around the world. In the United States, cockfighting is illegal in all 50 states (not illegal in MS til 8/2008) . Cockfighting is considered to have cultural significance in many parts of the world and in Mexico, a famous concert hall is host to many fights. The history of cockfighting is recorded in ancient literature of the Tamil Nadu region of India, dating back 2,000 years (Wikipedia). Bull fighting is a legal blood sport in Spain, Portugal and Latin America and is enormously popular. Like dog fighting and cockfighting, bull fighting has strong historical significance. Killing a bull was considered part of a sacred ritual in Roman times. (Wikipedia)There is some opposition to bull fighting but the sport continues to be a popular attraction. The rodeo originated in Spain and Mexico in the sixteenth century yet it is often thought to be of American origin. Texas and Wyoming consider the rodeo their state sport yet it is widely practiced in many US states. While the rodeo is not a blood sport, there are numerous practices that inflict pain to the animals, including",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The Kittiwake belongs to which family of birds?",
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"content": "The RSPB: Browse bird families: Gulls Browse bird families Image: Graham Catley Small to large seabirds, many of which also live inland for at least part of the year; some are strictly marine. Most are grey, black and white when fully mature, but extensively marked with various shades of brown during from one to four years of immaturity. They have long, slim wings and can fly exceptionally well, but also strong legs, which give them reasonably good mobility on the ground. They swim buoyantly and often resort to water to roost at night. There are many other gulls around the world that do not visit the UK.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In which city was the American Declaration of Independence signed?",
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"content": "9 Things You May Not Know About the Declaration of Independence - History in the Headlines 9 Things You May Not Know About the Declaration of Independence July 4, 2012 By Elizabeth Harrison Share To many in the Continental Congress, war was unthinkable. So why did they finally create this revolutionary document? Share this: 9 Things You May Not Know About the Declaration of Independence Author 9 Things You May Not Know About the Declaration of Independence URL Google Independence Day, or the Fourth of July, celebrates the adoption by the Continental Congress of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. On the 236th birthday of the United States, explore nine surprising facts about one of America’s most important founding documents. 1. The Declaration of Independence wasn’t signed on July 4, 1776. On July 1, 1776, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia, and on the following day 12 of the 13 colonies voted in favor of Richard Henry Lee’s motion for independence. The delegates then spent the next two days debating and revising the language of a statement drafted by Thomas Jefferson. On July 4, Congress officially adopted the Declaration of Independence, and as a result the date is celebrated as Independence Day. Nearly a month would go by, however, before the actual signing of the document took place. First, New York’s delegates didn’t officially give their support until July 9 because their home assembly hadn’t yet authorized them to vote in favor of independence. Next, it took two weeks for the Declaration to be “engrossed”—written on parchment in a clear hand. Most of the delegates signed on August 2, but several—Elbridge Gerry, Oliver Wolcott, Lewis Morris, Thomas McKean and Matthew Thornton—signed on a later date. (Two others, John Dickinson and Robert R. Livingston, never signed at all.) The signed parchment copy now resides at the National Archives in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, alongside the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. 2. More than one copy exists. After the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, the “Committee of Five”—Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston—was charged with overseeing the reproduction of the approved text. This was completed at the shop of Philadelphia printer John Dunlap. On July 5, Dunlap’s copies were dispatched across the 13 colonies to newspapers, local officials and the commanders of the Continental troops. These rare documents, known as “Dunlap broadsides,” predate the engrossed version signed by the delegates. Of the hundreds thought to have been printed on the night of July 4, only 26 copies survive. Most are held in museum and library collections, but three are privately owned. 3. When news of the Declaration of Independence reached New York City, it started a riot. By July 9, 1776, a copy of the Declaration of Independence had reached New York City. With hundreds of British naval ships occupying New York Harbor, revolutionary spirit and military tensions were running high. George Washington, commander of the Continental forces in New York, read the document aloud in front of City Hall. A raucous crowd cheered the inspiring words, and later that day tore down a nearby statue of George III. The statue was subsequently melted down and shaped into more than 42,000 musket balls for the fledgling American army. 4. Eight of the 56 signers of the Declaration of Independence were born in Britain. While the majority of the members of the Second Continental Congress were native-born Americans, eight of the men voting for independence from Britain were born there. Gwinnett Button and Robert Morris were born in England, Francis Lewis was born in Wales, James Wilson and John Witherspoon were born in Scotland, George Taylor and Matthew Thornton were born in Ireland and James Smith hailed from Northern Ireland. 5. One signer later recanted. Richard Stockton, a lawyer from Princeton, New Jersey, became the only signer of the Declaration of Independence to recant his support of the revolution. On November 30,",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is an American food made from small pieces of cornmeal bread that are deep fried or baked, the ingredients of which include cornmeal, flour, eggs, salt, baking soda, milk, and water, and sometimes kernel corn, onion, spring onion and peppers?",
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"content": "Hushpuppy H Hushpuppy Hushpuppies (Hush puppies) are an American food of small pieces of cornmeal bread that are deep fried or baked in a ring, sphere, or an oblong shape. Preparation The ingredients include cornmeal, flour, eggs, salt, baking soda, milk, and water, and can include whole kernel corn , onion, spring onion ( scallion ), and peppers . Sometimes pancake batter is used. The batter is mixed well, adjusting ingredients until thick. The batter is dropped into hot oil. It is fried until crispy golden brown, and cooled. They are eaten with seafood, or other barbecue foods. They are made at home or served in restaurants advertising home-style food as opposed to fine dining establishments. They are a hearty, heavy food that can be eaten while active or mobil Origin of name Hushpuppies are a Southern food, although they are available in many areas of America on the menus of fried-fish fast food restaurants. The name “hushpuppies” is often attributed to hunters or fishermen who would quickly fry corn meal and feed it to their dogs to “hush the puppies” during cook outs or fish frys. Other hush puppy legends date to the Civil War . Southern soldiers would sit beside a campfire, preparing meals. When Union soldiers came near, they would toss their barking dogs fried cakes with the command \"Hush, puppies\". An explanation for the name in Charleston, South Carolina is that slaves returning into the homes of their masters carrying food recently prepared in the outdoor kitchens would throw the batter balls to the barking dogs, telling the \"puppies\" to \"hush.\" During the underground railroads , escaping slaves would feed these to the dogs tracking them while coaxing them with hopeful commands such as \"hush, puppies.\" In Jamaica they are known as \"Festivals\", and are prepared with cornmeal, salt, and sugar then fried in the form of a hot dog roll. They are served with jerked meats such as pork or chicken. In the late 19th Century much of community life revovled around the church. On Sundays when the weather was temperate it was common for church members to congregate on the bank of the nearest river after services. The men would fish and the women would gossip until enough fish were caught to have a fish fry. To test if the lard was hot enough to fry fish, small balls of cornmeal wetted with batter (generally just egg at the time) were dropped into the pot. If the lard was hot enough the ball of cornmeal would float. During the cooking process every hungry child and dog in the area would come for scraps of food. The partially cooked balls of cornmeal dough were given to the children and now yapping dogs with the command \"hush puppy\". With the addition of salt and wild onions to the cornmeal and egg the more tasty version of the hushpuppy was born. (Wikipedia)",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who had the 'Christmas Number One' in 1986 with 'Reet Petite'?",
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"content": "NUMBER ONE'S OF THE EIGHTIES: 1986 Jackie Wilson: Reet Petite NUMBER ONE'S OF THE EIGHTIES Sunday, 26 July 2009 1986 Jackie Wilson: Reet Petite Thanks to the miracles of television advertising, 1986 saw the return of a spate of 1960's songs to the UK charts on the back of Levi's series of evocative adverts for their 501 jeans. Sam Cooke and Marvin Gaye (or rather their estates) both benefited from the renewed interest in their work, but contrary to what you might read in other, less scrupulously informed (ahem) sites than this, 'Reet Petite' was never used as part of any such advertising campaign. So why the sudden appearance of a thirty year old song at the top of the charts? Well I think two things play a part here, the promotional video and (context, remember?) the time of year. First, the video. London based animators Giblets produced (entirely for their own benefit) a highly inventive claymation video to go with the song that played out like Bruce Bickford on Prozac. After a screening on BBC's Arena programme, the interest generated in both it and the song resulted in both being released as two sides of a complimentary package. What this means is that, with this re-release, it's hard to divorce Jackie Wilson the soul/R&B innovator of the original 1957 Brunswick recording (Coral in the UK) with the Morph-like dayglo colourful kiddie friendly plasticine figure of the 1986 model. And it leaves me to ponder which of the two I'm meant to be reviewing here. Certainly the song remains unchanged, and it's a testament to Wilson's talent that he can leapfrog the decades and generations and still sound as thrilled to tell you about the sweetest girl you'll ever meet as he did when he first met her in '57. But all the context of the original is lost. That it's original success funded the fledging Motown label and hence a hundred other musical careers is forgotten. That Wilson was an entertainment maverick from the mould of Louis Jordan and Cab Calloway who stood out against the dichotomy of straight rock & roll and the last gasps of tin pan alley in the 1957 chart is irrelevant. Who cares anymore and does it matter in light of its new context where the forced jollity of the gooning figure in the video reduces Wilson to little more than a cartoon cipher fit only to entertain the kids with his cheery vocal stylings at Christmas (the second factor to play a part in its second bite of the cherry)? That part most certainly does matter. To me anyway. Am I being snobbish about all this? Probably. But seeing 'Reet Petite' back in the charts this way is like packaging Krug Clos du Mesnil in an alcopops bottle and then serving it up in a coffee mug. In hindsight, I know that further re-releases of some of his other singles ensured that the scope of Wilson's output was shown in the round, but I think most of my annoyance is aimed at the fickleness and vagaries of the record buying public who can lap up drek like the De Burgh and Berry singles while ignoring artists of talent and stature who are left to languish in the poverty of obscurity until they are resurrected by some freak lightning bolt of novelty. Like a funny video. But you pays your money and you takes your choice. No comments:",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the next in this sequence: Palatine Hill, Capitoline Hill, Quirinal Hill, Viminal Hill, Esquiline Hill, Caelian Hill, ... ?",
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"content": "The 5 Best Caelian Hill Tours, Trips & Tickets - Rome | Viator Rome ATTRACTIONS See all Caelian Hill Caelian Hill is the most south-eastern hill of the of the famous “Seven Hills of Rome,” which are located east of the river Tiber and form the geographical heart of Rome, within the walls of the ancient city. The other hills are Aventine Hill, Capitoline Hill, Esquiline Hill, Quirinal Hill, Viminal Hill and Palatine Hill, where Romulus founded the city and where the main archaeological remains can still be seen today. The hills were initially not grouped in any way, and only started to interact with each other when denizens began playing religious games and turned the valleys separating them into lively markets named fora in Latin. It wasn’t until the 4th century, however, that the Servian Walls were built to protect newly-formed Rome. In Republican-era Rome, Caelian Hill was reserved to the wealthy; it was a fashionable residential district and the site of many lavish villas. The western slope of the hill is one of the few tranquil and unpopulated places in Rome, seemingly stuck in ancient times. Several ancient churches can be visited on Caelian Hill, including the little known but fascinating 4th century Basilica di San Clemente (burial place of St. Paul’s of the Cross which founded the Passionists and station church of the first Friday in Lent), as well as the circular, 5th century Santo Stefano Rotondo. Visitors can also admire the foundations of the temple Nero erected in honor of his predecessor Claudius and where the 17-year-old Emperor came to the throne. Elegant tree-lined gateways lead to Villa Celimontana, one of Rome’s nicest parks. Practical Info Visitors wishing to visit Caelian Hill can do so by metro (Circo Massimo and Colosseo stations), by tram (line 3) or by bus (route 81). Tours & Tickets",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which famous 18th century English theologian and chemist pioneered the discovery of oxygen?",
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"content": "Which famous 18th century English theologian and chemist? - Qfak.com Qfak.com Which famous 18th century English theologian and chemist? pioneered the discovery of oxygen Answers Joseph Priestley. He wasn't, by the way, a famous theologian but simply a nonconformist minister. He grew up a presbyterian, but converted to unitarianism later in life. He obviously studied theology, but made no independent contribution to the subject. His lasting fame is entirely due to his chemical researches. #1 Swedish pharmacist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. He discovered it in 1772 (although folks had been breathing it for centuries along with the various other gases in the atmosphere, it wasn't until the 18th century folks actually learned about it). The Englishman Joseph Priestley deiscovered it independently two years later. At that time no one knew of Scheele's work. #2",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Name Garry Trudeau's army-related cartoon strip?",
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"content": "SINATRA SEEKS LIST OF PAPERS PRINTING 'DOONESBURY' COMIC - NYTimes.com SINATRA SEEKS LIST OF PAPERS PRINTING 'DOONESBURY' COMIC By ALEX S. JONES Published: June 21, 1985 Lawyers representing Frank Sinatra have demanded a list of the names of newspapers that published a ''Doonesbury'' cartoon strip satirizing Mr. Sinatra from the distributor of the comic so they can seek retractions. The strip, by Garry Trudeau, was published June 13. It contained an exchange between Mr. Sinatra, who was out of the picture, and a casino blackjack dealer. Mr. Sinatra's dialogue threatens to have the dealer dismissed if she shuffles the cards before dealing. The strip, using parentheses, had Mr. Sinatra saying, ''Get me your (obscene gerund) boss, you little (anatomically explicit epithet)!'' In December 1984, Mr. Sinatra and Dean Martin were involved in an incident in Atlantic City after which a New Jersey casino commissioner, Joel Jacobson, said in hearings that they had intimidated a dealer into dealing from her hand, which is illegal in New Jersey, rather than from a plastic box. According to the comic's distributor, Universal Press Syndicate, Mr. Sinatra's lawyers said that the June 13 ''Doonesbury'' was ''false and violative of Mr. Sinatra's rights,'' and that they would take ''all appropriate steps.'' Mr. Sinatra has refused any further comment beyond the contents of the letter. Susan Reynolds, Mr. Sinatra's spokesman, said that neither Mr. Sinatra nor his lawyers would comment on what ''appropriate steps'' might be taken or on any other aspect of the situation. Mr. Trudeau was also unavailable for comment. Lee Salem, editorial director of the syndicate, said that the syndicate denied that the cartoon violated Mr. Sinatra's rights and that the syndicate had refused to provide a list of the 835 papers subscribing to ''Doonesbury.'' ''I can understand why he's upset by being lampooned, but we look at this as fair satire,'' Mr. Salem said. According to Floyd Abrams, a lawyer specializing in First Amendment issues, Mr. Sinatra would have little chance to win a libel suit because of broad protection for expression of opinion. ''Garry Trudeau is entitled to no less expression of his views than is George Will,'' Mr. Abrams said, referring to the conservative political columnist. Mr. Sinatra was the subject of six ''Doonesbury'' installments from June 10-15 that raised hackles, which Mr. Trudeau's cartoons have been doing since national distribution began in 1970. Two of the strips included reproductions of what Universal says are photographs of Mr. Sinatra with people including Aniello Dellacroce, who was charged and acquitted in the killing of an associate of the late Carlo Gambino, who had a reputation as kingpin of organized crime in New York. The strip did not mention the acquittal. On the day the first cartoon appeared, Mr. Sinatra issued a statement saying Mr. Trudeau's work was created ''without regard to fairness or decency.'' According to Mr. Salem, 30 newspapers did not print part or all of that series, and two papers canceled the strip altogether. But Mr. Salem said that the Sinatra series had not proved so controversial as a series in 1976 that showed two unmarried characters in bed together. Several newspapers did not publish a strip this spring that included a tangle of male and female students in a Florida motel room. More recently, Universal declined to distribute a series satirizing the antiabortion film ''The Silent Scream.'' The strips were published by The New Republic.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who is Posh Spice's husband?",
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"content": "Victoria 'Posh Spice' Beckham Sleeps Naked With Husband | Fox News Victoria 'Posh Spice' Beckham Sleeps Naked With Husband Published December 06, 2007 Facebook 0 Twitter 0 Email Print NEW YORK – Victoria Beckham goes to bed naked. And she's got a very good reason -- her husband. \"You don't sleep with David Beckham,\" the 33-year-old Posh Spice tells Elle magazine in its January issue, on newsstands Tuesday. \"I'm going to be naked if I'm getting in bed with him every night!\" The Beckhams and their three young sons moved to Los Angeles this summer when her soccer-superstar husband signed to play with the Los Angeles Galaxy. \"I'm very proud to be British, but here it's a lot more relaxed,\" she says. \"It's the happiest as a family that we've ever been. I just love America.\" She is now on tour with the newly reunited Spice Girls. \"I wanted my children to see that Mummy was a pop star,\" she says. \"It was the last opportunity for them to stand in a crowd full of people screaming for the Spice Girls.\" Beckham says she was never a \"natural.\" \"It became very obvious from the start that I was never going to be the best singer or the best dancer or the best actress,\" she says. \"You know, I've never been that good at anything, to be completely honest.\" Still, she's a natural when it comes to keeping herself in the media spotlight, from her cutting-edge haircut to her high-profile marriage. \"I'm so camp! I'm such a gay man trying to get out,\" she says. \"I don't give a (bleep) what anybody thinks.\" Advertisement",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Of which artistic movement was Aubrey Beardsley a leading member ?",
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"content": "Summary/Reviews: Aubrey Beardsley : Staff View SUMMARY Like Oscar Wilde, Beardsley was a leading member of the Decadent movement in England during the 1890s. Together they shocked the press and the establishment by cultivating the pose of dandies, coolly removed from prevailing social mores, and took aim at the dominant figures of the late 19th-century art world: moralizing critic John Ruskin and the sentimental pre-Raphaelite painters. That Beardsley met an early death at the age of 25 after a lifelong battle with tuberculosis was especially ironic, as the cult of the doomed youth was central to the Decadent movement. Throughout, Sturgis is in full command of the cultural conditions that led to Beardsley's emergence as an enfant terrible, such as the newly available illustrated picture press that made the artist's deliberately shocking drawings easily available to the masses and turned him into a media-art star avant la lettre. Sturgis never resorts to flimsy psychological conjecture (although his circumspection may in part be due to Beardsley's own efforts to fashion an elaborate mask for public consumption), and the biographer's prose is unexpectedly affecting when the end comes for his subject, as Beardsley rushes from spa to sanitarium, searching for a cure, frantically taking up and abandoning projects all the while. Arriving as it does in the midst of our own surface-obsessed fin de siecle, Sturgis's biography is not only a faithful record of Beardsley and of his world but also a useful study of the birth pangs of modernity. 26 b&w photographs and Beardsley's line drawings throughout. Review by Choice Review Over the past year a number of books have appeared on Beardsley, the witty and provocative illustrator whose ink drawings have come to epitomize the 1890s in Britain. Freelance writer and critic Sturgis weighs in with this elegant and authoritative life, conspicuous as much for its biographic detail as for its analysis of the distinctive bite of Beardsley's art. Sturgis, author of Passionate Attitudes: The English Decadence of the Eighteen Nineties (1995), is an excellent guide to the nuances of the fin de si`ecle world of which Beardsley was such a conspicuous figure. The text is interspersed with black-and-white illustrations and includes a short bibliographic essay. The extensive endnotes gives it an important advantage over Stephen Calloway's recent Aubrey Beardsley (CH, Jun'98), which offers only a select bibliography. Yet Calloway provides an equally compelling narrative accompanied by a wealth of illustrations (many of which are in color)--an essential ingredient for a full appreciation of Beardsley's art. Calloway, therefore, remains a first choice, but libraries choosing Sturgis will have few regrets. General readers; undergraduates through faculty. W. S. Rodner; Tidewater Community College Copyright American Library Association, used with permission. Review by Booklist Review The nineteenth century is bracketed by the careers of two great English artists cut down prematurely by tuberculosis--John Keats (1795^-1821) and Aubrey Beardsley (1872^-98). The poet is memorialized in Andrew Motion's superb Keats (1998). Now Sturgis thoroughly recounts the draftsman-illustrator's life in a book more tightly focused than Motion's because Beardsley is better documented than Keats and because Beardsley was not as politically involved as Keats. Sturgis highlights Beardsley's engagement with the two principle artistic currents of his time and place, Pre-Raphaelitism and the art-for-art's-sake aesthetics of Whistler, which together accounted for the poses, attitudes, and decorative backdrops--or lack of them--in Beardsley's drawings. Beardsley grew up in no greater security than had Keats, and he was even more sickly, but he found greater success in his lifetime, despite an association with Oscar Wilde, which he repudiated. Subsequent fashion art is almost unthinkable without the example of the androgynous, aloofly sexy figures in Beardsley's work, and the disease-constricted life out of which they were produc",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which fast food chain was founded by Harland Saunders in 1930?",
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"content": "Who Founded KFC Who Founded KFC 08 Nov, 2011 who founded 0 KFC, also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is a fast food restaurant chain operating in over 110 countries of the world. They are best known for their chicken coated in 11 herbs and spices that remains a secret recipe to this day. Although chicken is the specialty of KFC, they have a wide variety of other items on their menu. Keep reading if you want to know who founded this successful fast food chain. Who Founded KFC? Kentucky Fried Chicken was founded by Harland Sanders, who’s likeness still features on many of their advertisements today, in 1930. He began serving chicken at his gas station and was so successful that, in 1935, the governor of Kentucky made Harland Sanders an honorary Kentucky Colonel. This is why many advertisements make reference to “the Colonel” or “Colonel Sanders.” Shortly after receiving this honor he expanded his restaurant to 142 seats. Unfortunately, the new Interstate 75 highway meant that most travelers bypassed his establishment. He decided to take the money from his first social security check to search the country for potential franchisees. In 1952 Sanders and Pete Harman struck a deal and the first KFC franchise was opened in South Salt Lake, Utah. Only a decade later there were over 600 KFC franchises in the United States and Canada. In 1964 Sanders sold the US portion of the operation for $2 million. Did you know? The KFC recipe is so secret that different parts of the secret blend of herbs and spices are produced in different locations. The only written recipe is kept in a special secure vault at the company’s headquarters. It is guarded with security cameras and motion detectors. Related Articles",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; \"Which actress starred opposite Alan Ladd in the film \"\"The Blue Dahlia\"\"?\"",
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"content": "The Blue Dahlia (1946) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error An ex-bomber pilot is suspected of murdering his unfaithful wife. Director: a list of 35 titles created 24 Oct 2013 a list of 21 titles created 19 Mar 2014 a list of 29 titles created 13 Jun 2015 a list of 46 titles created 11 Dec 2015 a list of 30 titles created 1 month ago Title: The Blue Dahlia (1946) 7.2/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 1 Oscar. See more awards » Photos A crooked politician finds himself being accused of murder by a gangster from whom he refused help during a re-election campaign. Director: Stuart Heisler When assassin Philip Raven shoots a blackmailer and his beautiful female companion dead, he is paid off in marked bills by his treasonous employer who is working with foreign spies. Director: Frank Tuttle After being hired to find an ex-con's former girlfriend, Philip Marlowe is drawn into a deeply complex web of mystery and deceit. Director: Edward Dmytryk An armored truck driver and his lovely ex-wife conspire with a gang to have his own truck robbed on the route. Director: Robert Siodmak When powerful publishing tycoon Earl Janouth commits an act of murder at the height of passion, he cleverly begins to cover his tracks and frame an innocent man, whose identity he doesn't ... See full summary » Director: John Farrow A man is murdered, apparently by one of a group of soldiers just out of the army. But which one? And why? Director: Edward Dmytryk Hit men kill an unresisting victim, and investigator Reardon uncovers his past involvement with beautiful, deadly Kitty Collins. Director: Robert Siodmak A beautiful secretary risks her life to try to find the elusive woman who may prove her boss didn't murder his selfish wife. Director: Robert Siodmak Frank Bigelow, told he's been poisoned and has only a few days to live, tries to find out who killed him and why. Director: Rudolph Maté With his law-breaking lifestyle in the past, an ex-con, along with his family, attempt to start a new life, knowing a betrayed someone from the past is bound to see otherwise. Director: Henry Hathaway A married woman and a drifter fall in love, then plot to murder her husband. Once the deed is done, they must live with the consequences of their actions. Director: Tay Garnett When Kirk Bennett is convicted of a singer's murder, his wife tries to prove him innocent...aided by the victim's ex-husband. Director: Roy William Neill Edit Storyline When Johnny comes home from the navy he finds his wife Helen kissing her substitute boyfriend Eddie, the owner of the Blue Dahlia nightclub. Helen admits her drunkenness caused their son's death. He pulls a gun on her but decides she's not worth it. Later, Helen is found dead and Johnny is the prime suspect. Written by Ed Stephan <[email protected]> Tamed by a brunette - framed by a blonde - blamed by the cops! See more » Genres: 1 June 1946 (UK) See more » Also Known As: La dalia azul See more » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia Raymond Chandler almost walked off the film when George Marshall improvised dialogue. \" . . . it is ludicrous to suggest that any writer in Hollywood, however obstreperous, has a 'free hand' with a script;\" said Chandler, \"He may have a free hand with the first draft, but after that they start moving in on him. Also what happens on the set is beyond the writer's control. In this case I threatened to walk off the picture, not yet finished, unless they stopped the director putting in fresh dialogue out of his own head.\" See more » Goofs During the scene in the Blue Dahlia manager's office between Leo and Eddie, moving shadow of boom mic is visible on wall above Eddie while he is seated in the armchair. See more » Quotes Joyce Harwood : [sitting with Johnny in a convertible in",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In 1992, aged 56, Woody Allen became romantically involved with 21 year old Soon-Yi Previn, who was the adopted daughter of whom?",
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"content": "Woody Allen attempts to explain creepy relationship with Soon Yi : \"She deferred to me\" Follow DL on Woody Allen attempts to explain creepy relationship with Soon Yi : \"She deferred to me\" So much for the \"he was never a father figure to her\" excuse. He basically admits he's a father figure to her. Sick fuck. Cosby his ass, please. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Always one to shy away from interviews, Woody Allen is finally opening up about his wife, Soon-Yi Previn, and the sexual-abuse allegations against him made by his adopted daughter Dylan Farrow. In a new interview with NPR, per Vanity Fair, Allen gets candid about his relationship with his wife, who also happens to be Mia Farrow's adopted daughter. (Allen and Farrow were in a serious relationship at the time.). \"I started the relationship with [Previn] and I thought it would just be a fling,\" he tells NPR's Sam Fragoso. \"It wouldn't be serious, but it had a life of its own. And I never thought it would be anything more. Then we started going together, then we started living together, and we were enjoying it. Although Allen is 35 years Previn's senior, he explains that the dramatic age difference was irrelevant. \"And the age difference didn't seem to matter,\" he adds. \"It seemed to work in our favor actually.\" In fact, the famed writer and director tells Fragoso that their relationship took on a fatherly quality, as he was able to teach her things while she kept him young with her energy. \"She enjoyed being introduced to many, many things that I knew from experience, and I enjoyed showing her those things,\" he explains. \"I'm 35 years older, and somehow, through no fault of mine or hers, the dynamic worked. I was paternal. She responded to someone paternal. I liked her youth and energy. She deferred to me, and I was happy to give her an enormous amount of decision making just as a gift and let her take charge of so many things.\" Describing his relationship as \"paternal\" might seem like he's flip-flopping, as both Previn and Allen previously told reporters in the 1990s that their relationship is anything but fatherly. \"To think that Woody was in any way a father or stepfather to me is laughable,\" Previn told Time magazine. \"She's probably more mature than I am,\" Allen said in a separate interview. During the interview, Allen was also willing to discuss the sexual-abuse allegations, which resurfaced after Dylan penned an open letter to the New York Times and detailed supposed instances when Allen took her to their house's attic and sexually assaulted her when she was just 7 years old. Although the initial claims from 1992 were investigated, charges weren't pursued because Dylan was said to be \"too fragile.\" Allen consistently has denied the allegations, also penning a New York Times op-ed to explain his side of the story. \"Of course I did not molest Dylan,\" he wrote in response to Dylan's letter. \"The self-serving transparency of her malevolence seemed so obvious I didn't even hire a lawyer to defend myself. It was my show business attorney who told me she was bringing the accusation to the police and I would need a criminal lawyer.\" He continued, \"I naïvely thought the accusation would be dismissed out of hand because of course, I hadn't molested Dylan and any rational person would see the ploy for what it was. Common sense would prevail. After all, I was a 56-year-old man who had never before (or after) been accused of child molestation.\" Fragoso asked Allen whether or not the scandal has affected his movies' viewership. \"I would say no. I always had a small audience. People did not come in great abundance and they still don't, and I've maintained the same audience over the years,\" he tells NPR. by Anonymous OP Mia was THIRTY YEARS Frank's junior when she married him. You don't think they had a paternal relationship? by Anonymous reply 2 07/30/2015 [quote]Imagine the shitstorm had Soon Yi been male. But since she's female, people just shrug. It's a sad world we live in. Were you even",
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trivia_qa_1505785
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the strong material found in the cell walls of plants?",
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"content": "Plant Cell Wall Basics The diffuse layer model The stratified layer model Xyloglucan molecules are hydrogen bonded to and cross-link cellulose microfibrils. The cellulose-xyloglucan network is emeshed in a non-covalently cross-linked pectic network. Xyloglucan molecules are hydrogen bonded to the surface of cellulose microfibrils but do not directly cross link them. The tightly-bound xyloglucan is surrounded by a layer of less-tightly bound polysaccharides. The cellulose and xyloglucan are embedded in a pectic matrix. Xyloglucan molecules are hydrogen bonded to and cross-link cellulose microfibrils. The cellulose-xyloglucan lamellae are separated by strata of pectic polysaccharides. Much research is sitll required to provide a complete description of the primary wall at the molecular level. Moreover, there is increasing evidence that primary walls are dynamic structures whose composition and architecture changes during plant growth and development. Secondary cell walls Plants form two types of cell wall that differ in function and in composition. Primary walls surround growing and dividing plant cells. These walls provide mechanical strength but must also expand to allow the cell to grow and divide. The much thicker and stronger secondary wall (see figure on right), which accounts for most of the carbohydrate in biomass, is deposited once the cell has ceased to grow. The secondary walls of xylem fibers, tracheids, and sclereids are further strengthened by the incorporation of lignin. The evolution of conducting tissues with rigid secondary cell walls was a critical adaptive event in the history of land plants, as it facilitated the transport of water and nutrients and allowed extensive upright growth. Secondary walls also have a major impact on human life, as they are a major component of wood and are a source of nutrition for livestock. In addition, secondary walls may help to reduce our dependence on petroleum, as they account for the bulk of renewable biomass that can be converted to fuel. Nevertheless, numerous technical challenges must be overcome to enable the efficient utilization of secondary walls for energy production and for agriculture. Primary and secondary walls contain cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin, albeit in different proportions. Approximately equal amounts of pectin and hemicellulose are present in dicot primary walls whereas hemicellulose is more abundant in grasses (e.g., switchgrass). The secondary walls of woody tissue and grasses are composed predominantly of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose (xylan, glucuronoxylan, arabinoxylan, or glucomannan). The cellulose fibrils are embedded in a network of hemicellulose and lignin. Cross-linking of this network is believed to result in the elimination of water from the wall and the formation of a hydrophobic composite that limits accessibility of hydrolytic enzymes and is a major contributor to the structural characterisitics of secondary walls. Xylan, which accounts for up to 30% of the mass of the secondary walls in wood and grasses contributes to the recalcitrance of these walls to enzymic degradation. A high xylan content in wood pulp increases the economic and environmental costs of bleaching in paper manufacturing. Thus, reducing the xylan content of secondary walls and altering xylan structure, molecular weight, ease of extractability, and susceptibility to enzymic fragmentation are key targets for the genetic improvement of plants. However, progress in these areas is limited by our incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of xylan biosynthesis. Xylans have a backbone of 1,4-linked β-D-xylosyl residues with short [α-D-glucosyluronic acid (GlcA), 4-O-methyl-α-D-glucosyluronic acid (MeGlcA), α-L-arabinosyl, O-acetyl, feruloyl, or coumaroyl] sidechains (see figure). Xylan synthesis requires the coordinated action of numerous enzymes, including glycosyl transferases (GTs) that elongate the backbone and add side chain residues (see left figure on right). None of these GTs have been purified and biochemically chara",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the top-selling paid iPhone game of all-time? (as of 2013)",
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"content": "Games dominate Apple's all-time apps list FacebookEmail Twitter Google+ LinkedIn Pinterest Games dominate Apple's all-time apps list Owners of Apple's iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch appear to be huge fans of downloadable games. As Apple approaches 50 billion downloads on its App Store, the company has revealed the top 25 paid and free apps for Post to Facebook Games dominate Apple's all-time apps list Owners of Apple's iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch appear to be huge fans of downloadable games. As Apple approaches 50 billion downloads on its App Store, the company has revealed the top 25 paid and free apps for Check out this story on USATODAY.com: http://usat.ly/17DrcHQ CancelSend A link has been sent to your friend's email address. Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. 2 To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Games dominate Apple's all-time apps list Brett Molina, USA TODAY Published 8:06 a.m. ET May 4, 2013 | Updated 8:24 a.m. ET May 4, 2013 A group of apps is shown on an Apple iPhone 4S. (Photo: By Justin Sullivan, Getty Images) 73 CONNECT TWEET LINKEDIN 2 COMMENTEMAILMORE Owners of Apple's iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch appear to be huge fans of downloadable games. As Apple approaches 50 billion downloads on its App Store, the company has revealed the top 25 paid and free apps for the iPad and iPhone, with games taking over several spots. On iPad, 15 of the 25 most downloaded apps ever are games, including five of the top six. On the free apps list, seven are games. The category's representation on iPhone is even stronger. According to Apple, 21 of the top 25 paid apps are games (we count Pocket God and The Moron Test, which are still games even though they fall in the Entertainment category). On the free side, six are games. As expected, the Rovio franchise Angry Birds is featured heavily on these lists, thanks to the original Angry Birds game as well as follow-ups Angry Birds Seasons and Angry Birds Space. On iPhone, social networking apps were also popular. Facebook is top free app on the iPhone, while messaging service WhatsApp Messenger was the top paid non-gaming app for the device. Photo and video apps did well, too. Instagram and YouTube were among the top five free apps. On iPad, productivity apps performed best. Apple's word processing software Pages was the top paid app for the tablet. Scroll down to view the full list: Top 25 all-time paid apps for iPhone 1. Angry Birds",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; One end of the Pennine Way is 'The Nag's Head' in Edale, where is the other?",
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"content": "Pennine Way – Travel guide at Wikivoyage This article is an itinerary . A typical section of the Pennine Way in the northern Peak District The Pennine Way is a designated UK National Trail in the United Kingdom running for 429 km (268 miles) from Edale in Derbyshire to Kirk Yetholm in the Scottish Borders . On its way, the route passes through parts of the Peak District , the Yorkshire Dales and Northumberland National Park . Understand[ edit ] The path was the idea of the journalist and rambler Tom Stephenson, inspired by similar trails in the United States of America, particularly the Appalachian Trail . Stephenson proposed the concept in an article for the Daily Herald in 1935, and later lobbied Parliament for the creation of an official trail. The walk was originally planned to end at Wooler , but eventually it was decided that Kirk Yetholm would be the finishing point. The final section of the path was declared open in a ceremony held on Malham Moor on 24 April 1965. Although not the longest of the UK's long-distance paths, it is probably the best known and one of the more demanding routes. It generally follows the higher parts of the Pennines, a chain of moors and hills running north–south along the watershed of northern England. The Pennine Way can be walked in either direction, but is more commonly followed from south to north. This way you tend to have the wind at your back, and most travel guides (including this one) are written in this direction. Prepare[ edit ] Although it is waymarked and requires no specialist mountaineering skills, walking the Pennine Way requires a good level of fitness, appropriate equipment and adequate navigation skills. Accommodation is limited along some sections so if you are not camping, you might consider booking accommodation in advance. In particular, the last day normally involves a high-level 25-mile walk across the Cheviots from Byrness to Kirk Yetholm, though off-route accommodation can be used to split the long walk in two. Get in[ edit ] The trail officially starts at The Nags Head pub in Edale. Edale is best access by train. Sheffield and Manchester are both around a 45-minute train journey away. Bus services to Edale are very limited.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; \"In the 1950's and 60's, which jazz pianist wrote the pieces, \"\"Misterioso\"\", \"\"Ruby My Dear\"\" and \"\"Round Midnight\"\"?\"",
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"content": "Thelonious Monk - New Songs, Playlists & Latest News - BBC Music Read more about sharing. Thelonious Monk Biography (BBC) Famous as an eccentric, both for his unorthodox appearance, and the spiky individuality of his melodies, Thelonious Monk was one of the most dominant influences on the 1940s modern jazz, or bebop, revolution. He introduced numerous unusual harmonic ideas into jazz, and through his playing at Minton's club in New York, where he was the house pianist, he jammed with many of the architects of the new music - including drummer Kenny Clarke and trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie. Born in the South, he had grown up in New York, playing in Harlem, and then accompanying a travelling gospel singer, before becoming a regular part of the New York jazz scene as a sideman with numerous bands. He came to widespread attention as a member of Coleman Hawkins's band in 1944-5, briefly joined Dizzy Gillespie's big band in 1946 and the following year began his own recording career. His first discs for Alfred Lion's Blue Note label were distinctive and original and announced the arrival of a new talent - but unfortunately they did not sell particularly well. But two producers who were equally visionary as Lion, Bob Weinstock at Prestige and Orrin Keepnews at Riverside records, continued to record Monk through the 1950s, capturing the flowering of his talent. In due course he signed to Columbia records for the duration of the 1960s. In the 70s he made a few recordings, toured with an all star group including Gillespie called the Giants of Jazz, and gradually disappeared from public view, ending his life in seclusion. His piano style was jaunty, percussive and highly unusual, using almost no aspects of classical technique. Nevertheless, it was highly effective, both visually and aurally, and has been an influence on many subsequent players. Equally, several of Monk's compositions have entered the mainstream of jazz, from ballads such as Round Midnight to his more unusual numbers Brilliant Corners, Epistrophy, Eronel, Evidence, Hackensack, Misterioso, Ruby My Dear, Straight No Chaser, and Thelonious. For most of his last two decades as an active musician he led a quartet of saxophone, piano, bass and drums, and his music is preserved today by the group Sphere, with similar line-up and Kenny Barron taking the piano parts. Monk's son, T.S. Monk, is a well-known drummer who has been extremely active in establishing the Thelonious Monk Foundation in memory of his father. Thelonious Monk Biography (Wikipedia) Thelonious Sphere Monk (, October 10, 1917 – February 17, 1982) was an American jazz pianist and composer. Monk had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including \"'Round Midnight\", \"Blue Monk\", \"Straight, No Chaser\" \"Ruby, My Dear\", \"In Walked Bud\", and \"Well, You Needn't\". Monk is the second most-recorded jazz composer after Duke Ellington, which is particularly remarkable as Ellington composed more than 1,000 pieces, whereas Monk wrote about 70. His compositions and improvisations feature dissonances and angular melodic twists, and are consistent with Monk's unorthodox approach to the piano, which combined a highly percussive attack with abrupt, dramatic use of switched key releases, silences and hesitations. He was renowned for his distinctive style in suits, hats, and sunglasses. He was also noted for an idiosyncratic habit observed at times during performances: while the other musicians in the band continued playing, he would stop, stand up from the keyboard, and dance for a few moments before returning to the piano. This entry is from Wikipedia , the user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors and is licensed under an Attribution-ShareAlike Creative Commons License . If you find the biography content factually incorrect or highly offensive you can edit this article at Wikipedia . Find out more about our use of this data. Show more",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the name of the bell used by 'Lloyds of London'?",
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"content": "Further Information: Lloyds of London LLOYD'S OF LONDON Lloyd’s of London is the world’s leading insurance market where Names (members) provide capital and form syndicates to insure (underwrite) specialist types of risk. Lloyd’s was formed in 1688 by Edward Lloyd who owned and ran a coffee-house in the City near the River Thames. As London’s importance grew as a maritime trade centre in the 17th century, Lloyds Coffee House became a common meeting place for ship-owners, merchants and sailors who would exchange important information and arrange insurance, through Brokers, for their ships and cargo. As his trade and network of contacts expended, Lloyd started to collect shipping movements from all over the world and publish the information in a news sheet, Lloyd’s News. Still published today, Lloyd’s List is the world's oldest continuously-running journal and was London’s 1st daily newspaper. Lloyds of London is famous for its high-tech building which was completed in 1986. Designed by the architect Sir Richard Rogers, its unique design is internationally recognised. Like the Pompidou Centre in Paris, which Rogers also worked on, all the services and utilities; electrics, gas, water, heating, air-conditioning, waist and lifts run in pipes and ducts on the out-side of the building. The buildings architecture, Structural Expressionism, was initially out of keeping with its historic surroundings, but less so today, as it sits next to 21st century sky-scrappers, the Gherkin and Willis building. As the world-wide insurance business has grown Lloyd’s of London has needed to moved building several times within the City. Although the present building at No 1 Lime Street is less than 30 years old, it hides many historic and surprising treasures. In the Underwriting Room is the Lutine Bell, which used to be rung every time an insured ship was lost. The bell was from the French frigate La Lutine which sank in 1799 with gold and silver bullion insured at Lloyds for £1millon. Lloyd’s Nelson Collection includes the 200 year old logbook from HMS Euralyus, an observation frigate at the Battle of Trafalgar, it describes events as they happened. On the 11th floor, beautifully restored and reassembled from Bowood House’s dining room, is the Adam Room. Designed in 1763 by the influential Scottish architect Robert Adam, the classical stately home interior is a complete contrast to the rest of the high-tech building.",
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trivia_qa_1505790
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; A Russian woman was arrested in Paris in August 2009 for throwing a cup of tea at which work of art?",
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"content": "Woman attacks Mona Lisa with a cup of tea - Mirror Online Woman attacks Mona Lisa with a cup of tea A woman was arrested in Paris after attacking the Mona Lisa with a cup of tea. Share Get daily updates directly to your inbox + Subscribe Thank you for subscribing! Could not subscribe, try again laterInvalid Email A woman was arrested in Paris after attacking the Mona Lisa with a cup of tea. The Russian woman allegedly threw a mug full of the steaming brew over the heads of tourists and scored a direct hit on the most famous work of art in the world. The ceramic mug bounced off the bullet-proof glass and shattered on the floor, a stunned security guard at the Louvre said. Guards arrested the woman after wrestling her to the ground following the art attack on Sunday, August 2 – which has only just been reported. She is being held in custody and is said to have undergone a psychological examination. Doctors were trying to assess whether she was suffering from Stendhal Syndrome, a rare condition that causes dizziness, confusion or violent acts when an individual is exposed to art. A police spokesman added: “We are still establishing her state of mind at the time, though there is a possibility she could be charged with criminal damage.” A museum spokesman said: “There was no damage done to the painting whatsoever. “It is protected by bullet-proof glass almost two centimetres thick, and also contained in a special sealed box to protect it from vibrations and humidity. “It is one of the most well guarded works of art in the world, and it would take more than a well-aimed tea-cup to damage it.” A source at the museum claimed the woman had bought the mug of tea at a museum cafe. The last attack on a work of art at the Louvre was in 1998, when a mathematics professor attacked a statue of Roman philosopher Seneca with a hammer. The Mona Lisa is the only painting ever to have been stolen from the Louvre, in 1911, and then recovered. It is owned by the French government and is seen by an estimated 8.5 million people a year.",
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trivia_qa_1505791
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The SYRIZA party won the general election in which European country?",
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"content": "Greece election: Anti-austerity Syriza wins election - BBC News Greece election: Anti-austerity Syriza wins election 26 January 2015 Close share panel Media captionThe BBC's Gavin Hewitt: \"Syriza's supporters celebrated into the evening\" Anti-austerity Syriza party has won Greece's general election, putting the country on a possible collision course with the EU over its massive bailout. With nearly 75% of the votes counted, Syriza is projected to win 149 seats, just two short of an absolute majority, though that number could change. Left-wing party leader Alexis Tsipras, who wants to renegotiate Greece's debt, said \"the Greeks wrote history\". The governing centre-right New Democracy has come a distant second. Outgoing Prime Minister Antonis Samaras has admitted defeat and phoned Mr Tsipras to congratulate him. Syriza's result will send shockwaves through Europe, the BBC's Gavin Hewitt in Athens reports. Media captionSyriza leader Alexis Tsipras: \"Today the people of Greece wrote history\" A majority of voters in Greece have essentially rejected a core policy for dealing with the eurozone crisis as devised by Brussels and Berlin, our correspondent adds. In Germany, Bundesbank President Jens Weidmann said he hoped \"the new Greek government will not make promises it cannot keep and the country cannot afford\". The election result is expected to be one of the main issues during Monday's meeting of 19 eurozone finance ministers. Belgium's representative Johan Van Overtveld was quoted by VRT network as saying that Greece \"must respect the rules of monetary union\", although he added that there was room for some - but not much - flexibility. British Prime Minister David Cameron - whose country is not a member of the eurozone - said the result of the Greek election would \"increase economic uncertainty across Europe\". Meanwhile, the euro fell to $1.1098 against the dollar - the lowest level in more than 11 years. 'Thing of the past' Addressing his jubilant supporters in front of Athens' university, Mr Tsipras said Greek voters gave Syriza \"a clear, powerful mandate\". Image copyright AP Image caption A large crowd gathered outside the headquarters of the Syriza party in Athens Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Crowds celebrated the victory late into the night in the capital Image copyright AP Image caption Supporters of Prime Minister Antonis Samaras of New Democracy watched with dismay \"You are an example of history which is changing... Your mandate is undoubtedly cancelling the bailouts of austerity and destruction. \"The troika for Greece is the thing of the past,\" he added, referring to the country's biggest international lenders - the European Union, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and European Central Bank (ECB). He also promised to negotiate a fair and mutually beneficial financial solution. Mr Tsipras earlier vowed to reverse many of the austerity measures adopted by Greece since a series of bailouts began in 2010. At the scene: BBC's Chris Morris in Athens On Klathmonos Square, the flags were flying high, supporters of Syriza were singing and dancing, there were hugs and tears and broad beaming smiles. This was an extraordinary victory for the radical left in Greece - probably beyond its own expectations. Alexis Tsipras will now try to lead an anti-austerity revolution, backed by a strong democratic mandate. He said in his victory speech that he is willing to negotiate with Greece's European partners. The question is: how much are they prepared to compromise with him? Syriza victory: A turning point? For his part, Mr Samaras said earlier: \"The Greek people have spoken and I respect their decision,\" pointing out that he had inherited a \"hot potato\" on coming into office and that he and his party had done much to restore his country's finances. The result is being closely watched outside Greece, where it is believed a Syriza victory could encourage radical leftist parties across Europe. \"There is an ongoing thriller surrounding the absolute majority,\" said Michalis Karyotoglou, head of Singular Logic, the software gr",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which part of your body would a dermatologist be interested in?",
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"content": "What does a Dermatologist do? What does a Dermatologist do? ★ A Dermatologist is a specialized type of Doctor . Also known as: Skin Physician , Skin Doctor . Table of Contents Comments A dermatologist is a doctor who specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions affecting skin, hair, nails, sweat and oil glands, mucus membranes (inside the mouth, nose, and eyelids) which can include cancer. The skin is the largest and most visible organ of the body, and reflects the health of the body. It acts as a barrier to injury and bacteria. Dermatology patients can be of any age, from babies to people who are more than 100 years old. Out of 3,000 different dermatology conditions that might be treated, 20 of these account for around 80 percent of a dermatologist's workload. How to Become a Dermatologist Think you might be interested in becoming a Dermatologist? Here are your next steps. Take the Sokanu Career Test Would you make a good dermatologist? Sokanu's free assessment reveals how compatible you are with a career across 5 dimensions! View all jobs → What does a Dermatologist do? In certain parts of the world, like Australia, dermatologists spend much of their time treating conditions resulting from exposure to the sun, such as malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. In other regions, dermatologists are more likely to encounter cosmetic problems; moles, hair and nail disorders, occupational dermatitis, psoriasis, skin infections, eczema, acne, rosacea, and hand dermatitis. Rosacea is a common skin condition that can cause redness and swelling. Hand dermatitis results from contact with household chemical and affects most women with children. The cosmetic problems for which dermatologists can provide assistance include wrinkles, age spots and other signs of aging, hair loss, and scars. Some dermatologists perform minor cosmetic procedures such as face lifts, liposuction, and blepharoplasty, a surgical modification of the eyelid. Cosmetics, industrial compounds, and pesticides continually present new dermatological problems. The increased outdoor work and leisure time of people today have increased their exposure to the sun and other hazards that can cause skin problems. It takes years of training and experience to learn how to distinguish the subtle differences in skin problems. Different conditions often share similar symptoms. There is therefore a growing need for more doctors to understand dermatology. Family doctors might refer a patient to a dermatologist only after their treatment has failed, or if an unsuccessful treatment has caused complications. Because of this, it is often cost-effective to see a dermatologist in the first instance. Dermatologists are also better able to make an early diagnosis. Dermatology was once considered a \"lightweight\" specialty, but is now recognized as being critical to people's well-being. Most skin conditions can be treated with topical therapy such as lotions and creams. The surgical procedures dermatologists must learn include the injection of fillers and botulinum toxin (botox) to give a patient a more youthful appearance at the expense of facial mobility, cryotherapy and other procedures to remove common skin growths such as warts, excision, and skin and nail biopsies where the patient is awake and small amounts of tissue are removed to facilitate diagnosis. Find your perfect career Would you make a good dermatologist? Sokanu's free assessment reveals how compatible you are with a career across 5 dimensions! Take the free career test How to Become a Dermatologist Skin conditions are often associated with internal conditions and other external factors. Therefore, dermatologists should be knowledgeable in fields such as genetics , oncology, mycology, immunology, histology, bacteriology and others. Dermatologists must train as a general doctor before undertaking postgraduate education in dermatology. They must work in an internship for a year and a residency program for at least",
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trivia_qa_1505793
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the only Great Lake that doesn't border Canada?",
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"content": "How many Great Lakes border Canada? | Reference.com How many Great Lakes border Canada? A: Quick Answer Four of the five Great Lakes border Canada: Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Ontario and Lake Superior. Lake Michigan is the only one that does not border Canada; it is located completely within U.S. borders. Full Answer Lake Superior is the largest and westernmost of the Great Lakes and the second largest lake in the world. Its surface area is 31,000 square miles. Lake Michigan lies directly to the east of Lake Superior, and Lake Huron lies east of lake Michigan. Lake Huron is the fifth-largest fresh-water lake in the world, with a surface area of 23,000 square miles. The easternmost lake is Lake Ontario; its surface area is just 7,000 square miles. Lake Erie lies south of Lake Ontario and east of Lake Huron, and it has a surface area of nearly 10,000 square miles. These four lakes all border the Canadian province of Ontario.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What was the name of the robot in the 1951 film, 'The Day The Earth Stood Still'?",
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"content": "The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error The Day the Earth Stood Still ( 1951 ) Approved | From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC An alien lands and tells the people of Earth that they must live peacefully or be destroyed as a danger to other planets. Director: Edmund H. North (screen play), Harry Bates (based on a story by) Stars: a list of 30 titles created 06 Feb 2012 a list of 23 titles created 20 Apr 2012 a list of 34 titles created 24 Jan 2014 a list of 45 titles created 10 Jun 2015 a list of 25 titles created 5 months ago Title: The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951) 7.8/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 1 Golden Globe. Another 2 wins & 1 nomination. See more awards » Videos A small town in California is attacked by Martians. Director: Byron Haskin A starship crew goes to investigate the silence of a planet's colony only to find two survivors and a deadly secret that one of them has. Director: Fred M. Wilcox A small-town doctor learns that the population of his community is being replaced by emotionless alien duplicates. Director: Don Siegel A man's vision for a utopian society is disillusioned when travelling forward into time reveals a dark and dangerous society. Director: George Pal A remake of the 1951 classic sci-fi film about an alien visitor and his giant robot counterpart who visit Earth. Director: Scott Derrickson Scientists and American Air Force officials fend off a blood-thirsty alien organism while at a remote arctic outpost. Directors: Christian Nyby, Howard Hawks Stars: Kenneth Tobey, Margaret Sheridan, James Arness The earliest atomic tests in New Mexico cause common ants to mutate into giant man-eating monsters that threaten civilization. Director: Gordon Douglas An astronaut crew crash-lands on a planet in the distant future where intelligent talking apes are the dominant species, and humans are the oppressed and enslaved. Director: Franklin J. Schaffner When Scott Carey begins to shrink because of exposure to a combination of radiation and insecticide, medical science is powerless to help him. Director: Jack Arnold Extraterrestrials traveling in high-tech flying saucers contact scientist Dr. Russell Marvin as part of a plan to enslave the inhabitants of Earth. Director: Fred F. Sears In the world ravaged by the greenhouse effect and overpopulation, an NYPD detective investigates the murder of a big company CEO. Director: Richard Fleischer An alien lifeform consumes everything in its path as it grows and grows. Directors: Irvin S. Yeaworth Jr., Russell S. Doughten Jr. Stars: Steve McQueen, Aneta Corsaut, Earl Rowe Edit Storyline An alien (Klaatu) with his mighty robot (Gort) land their spacecraft on Cold War-era Earth just after the end of World War II. They bring an important message to the planet that Klaatu wishes to tell to representatives of all nations. However, communication turns out to be difficult, so, after learning something about the natives, Klaatu decides on an alternative approach. Written by Bruce Janson <[email protected]> The screen has never conceived a creature like this! See more » Genres: El día que paralizaron la Tierra See more » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia The first actor to whom the role of Klaatu was actually offered was Claude Rains , who wanted to accept it, but had to decline because of a prior commitment on Broadway. See more » Goofs A colonel orders his troops to block off all streets intersecting Connecticut Avenue \"along a line from Wisconsin to the park.\" Connecticut Avenue and Wisconsin Avenue do not intersect. See more » Quotes See more » Crazy Credits Elmer Davis , H.V. Kaltenborn , and Drew Pearson identify themselves when they appear on screen. Radio personality Gabriel Heatter is identified b",
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The Neverland Ranch is in which US state?",
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"content": "Michael Jackson’s Neverland Valley Ranch – 5225 Figueroa Mountain Road, Los Olivos, CA | The Pinnacle List Michael Jackson’s Neverland Valley Ranch – 5225 Figueroa Mountain Road, Los Olivos, CA Tweet Summary Michael Jackson purchased the sprawling 2,675-acre Sycamore Valley Ranch property in the Santa Ynez Valley, 2 ½ hours north of Los Angeles from developer William Bone, complete with a fully furnished 13,000 sq. ft. main house and multiple outbuildings, spectacular gardens, and a four-acre lake in 1988. Making it entirely his own, Michael renamed the property Neverland and created a magical fantasy setting for his home, complete with his own theatre, zoo, a private amusement park, fairgrounds, two railways with a steam locomotive and a grand main station. Jackson lived in the home as his exclusive private residence from 1988 until 2003 when he decided not to return to the property following a police search, saying that he no longer considered the ranch a home. In 2006, the facilities were closed and most of the staff was dismissed. A spokesman for Neverland at the time stated that this reflected the fact that Michael Jackson no longer lived there. The former Neverland Valley Ranch is currently part owned by the Michael Jackson Estate after his tragic death in 2009 and an affiliate of Colony Capital, an investment company run by billionaire Tom Barrack. Details 12,598 sq. ft. (1,170.38 m²) Land 5225 Figueroa Mountain Road, Los Olivos, California 93441 State Michael Jackson Estate and Colony Capital LLC (2008 to present) Past Owner World's Best Luxury Real Estate and Lifestyle Magazine +1 (778) 836-3302 Tweet Tags World's Best Luxury Real Estate and Lifestyle Magazine +1 (778) 836-3302 $33 Million Luxury Residence – 2495 Riviera Dr, Laguna Beach, CA eva maria uhl To see this beautiful place of Michael Jackson, called Neverland makes me sad. I was there in March, 2012 and of course I couldn´t see the golden gate and all those amazing places inside, but I could stand there at the little gate looking at the valley and the mountains. I spoke with one securirty guard, a very humble man and i lost my heart over there. I love this place and I hope and pray that all the beauty, the flowers and everything would awaken with a new owner who will still let live Michael Jacksons legacy. I will love Michael Jackson forever more. With love, eva maria uhl from Germany. Enola Lee I see you found the floor plans on my blog Enola Lee’s Neverland. I hope you appreciate them, because I spent two weeks drawing them from scratch based on tiny copies in Architectural Digest. The Pinnacle List Yes we did, Enola, and we appreciate the attention to detail you put into illustrating those floor plans of Neverland Valley Ranch, along with the time you put into that work! DDD MICHAEL JACKSON ia forever in my heart.. Hoping the family will re-open NEVERLAND for the fans. Mary JJ Neverland — Heaven on Earth! Billy What a wonderful presentation of Neverland. Such a beautiful place, all from the imagination of the man himself! Rebbie Pearson Nothing like it. I wish I could have gone to Neverland when I was a child! Beverly Gramstad i will be there on June 26th…will the grounds be open for fans to visit?? I hope it is restored and one day opened for fans to visit the grounds. I had no idea how large the property was!! WOW!! Now I know why Michael loved it so much…. The Pinnacle List Unfortunately for Michael Jacksons fans, no, Neverland Valley Ranch is not open for public visitation. Vicky I just want to say what a gorgeous place Neverland was and still is. It is sad Michael is no longer there for sure, but the beauty of the property itself is simply breathtaking. I would love to just pick up a good book and go and sit in one of the beautiful spots and read for hours. Listening to the birds chirp and the water fountain running all the while taking in wonderful beauty. Although I have seen photos of Neverland before, these photos seem to be much sharper and much more beautiful than the others. I appreciate all that was done to put this together, (i",
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trivia_qa_1505796
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which card game takes its name from the Spanish word for basket?",
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"content": "Card Games | Britannica.com Card Games game played for pleasure or gambling (or both) with one or more decks of playing cards. Displaying Featured Card Games Articles Pokémon 20th- and 21st-century Japanese fantasy-based cartoon creatures that spawned a video- and card-game franchise. In the Pokémon —or “Pocket Monsters”—video-game series, players were able to explore the game’s fictional world by looking for wild Pokémon creatures to capture and tame. As Pokémon trainers, they readied the small monsters to compete in battle... blackjack gambling card game popular in casinos throughout the world. Its origin is disputed, but it is certainly related to several French and Italian gambling games. In Britain since World War I, the informal game has been called pontoon. Players hope to get a total card value of 21 or to come closer to it, without going over, than the dealer, against whom... tarot any of a set of cards used in tarot games and in fortune-telling. Tarot decks were invented in Italy in the 1430s by adding to the existing four-suited pack a fifth suit of 21 specially illustrated cards called trionfi (“triumphs”) and an odd card called il matto (“the fool”). (The fool is not the origin of the modern joker, which was invented in the... euchre card game popular in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and Great Britain, especially in Cornwall and the West Country of England. It derives from a 19th-century Alsatian game called juckerspiel from the fact that its two top trumps are Jucker, meaning “ jack.” This word may also have influenced the choice of the term joker for the extra card... solitaire family of card games played by one person. Solitaire was originally called (in various spellings) either patience, as it still is in England, Poland, and Germany, or cabale, as it still is in Scandinavian countries. The terms patience and solitaire have been applied to indicate any one-player card-related activity, including building card houses, flipping... cribbage card game in which the object is to form counting combinations that traditionally are scored by moving pegs on a special cribbage board. The appeal of the game, usually played by two but with a popular variant played by four or occasionally by three, is evident from two facts: few changes have been made in the original rules, and it remains one of... hanafuda (Japanese: “flower cards”), deck of 48 cards divided into 12 suits of four cards. Each suit is named for a month of the year and pictures a flower identified with that month. The cards are tiny, only 2 1 8 by 1 1 4 inches (5.4 by 3.2 cm), but about three times thicker than Western cards. Hanafuda evolved after the Portuguese took Western cards to Japan... whist trick-taking card game developed in England. The English national card game has passed through many phases of development, being first recorded as trump (1529), then ruff, ruff and honours, whisk and swabbers, whisk, and finally whist in the 18th century. In the 19th century whist became the premier intellectual card game of the Western world, but... piquet card game, known since the 15th century in France. For centuries piquet has been regarded as one of the greatest two-player card games. In 1534 François Rabelais listed it as a favorite pastime of his fictional hero Gargantua, and in 1892 the delegates to a card congress in Vienna voted it the most “classic” of all card games. Perhaps because it was... Yu-Gi-Oh! Japanese manga (comic book) of the late 20th and early 21st centuries that features an ordinary high-school student, Yugi Mutou (Yugi Moto), who assumes mystical powers when playing a mysterious card game. When blond, spiky-haired Yugi, a weak and unassuming teenager, solves the mysterious Millennium Puzzle, he is granted special powers that are activated... poker card game played in various forms throughout the world. Its popularity is greatest in North America, where it originated. It is played in private homes, in poker clubs, in casinos, and over the Internet. Poker has been called the national card game of the United States, and its",
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[
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The Whitsunday Islands lieoff the coast of which Australian state?",
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"content": "Tourism Whitsundays, Queensland Australia, Whitsundays Holidays - Tourism Whitsundays QLD - Home Select a region for more details The Whitsundays are made up of 74 Island Wonders, on the beautiful tropical coast of Queensland, Australia. Right in the heart of the Great Barrier Reef, a visit to the Whitsundays is a feast for the senses. The stunning natural landscapes of coast and islands are dotted with secluded beaches and friendly towns. Whether you choose to base yourself on the coast or on the islands, there's so much to do, you'll have to work out how to fit it all in! Select a region for more details The Whitsundays are made up of 74 Island Wonders, on the beautiful tropical coast of Queensland, Australia. Right in the heart of the Great Barrier Reef, a visit to the Whitsundays is a feast for the senses. The stunning natural landscapes of coast and islands are dotted with secluded beaches and friendly towns. Whether you choose to base yourself on the coast or on the islands, there's so much to do, you'll have to work out how to fit it all in!",
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trivia_qa_1505798
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is a loose, sloping mass of debris at the base of a cliff called?",
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"content": "Scree - definition of scree by The Free Dictionary Scree - definition of scree by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/scree n. 1. Loose rock debris covering a slope. 2. A slope of loose rock debris at the base of a steep incline or cliff. [Probably ultimately from Old Norse skridha, landslide, from skrīdha, to slide.] scree (skriː) n (Geological Science) an accumulation of weathered rock fragments at the foot of a cliff or hillside, often forming a sloping heap. Also called: talus [Old English scrīthan to slip; related to Old Norse skrītha to slide, German schreiten to walk] scree a steep mass of loose rock on the slope of a mountain; talus. [1775–85; < Old Norse skritha landslide] scree - A mass of small loose stones that form or cover a slope on a mountain. See also related terms for slope . ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: geological formation , formation - (geology) the geological features of the earth Translations [ˈskriː] N → pedregal m (en una ladera) scree n → Geröll nt; scree slope → Geröllhalde f, → Geröllfeld nt scree [skriː] n → ghiaione m Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: wood sage References in periodicals archive ? Tenders are invited for Supply of spares for stp plant set of hydraulic hose dunlop wp 2250 psi 155 bar 3/8 npt for bar scree n jash make,type-zz-1125-900-6 screenmat-za 1100 Wael Najem marries the woman of his dreams! I got to the halfway mark in good time but running up the rest of the hill on scree was hell. Did Everest pioneer Frank Smythe discover George Mallory's body in 1936? SAXIFRAGA - these pint-sized flowering perennials look great in rock gardens and scree beds or, in the case of several varieties, planted en masse in the front of borders to add colour in late spring and early summer, acting as valuable ground cover. Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.",
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trivia_qa_1505799
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The dodo was a native bird of which island?",
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"content": "The Dodo Bird | History, Story and Resources for Dodobirds The Story of the Dodo Bird A Reference Site for The Dodo Bird and it's History The Dodo bird or Raphus Cucullatus was a flightless bird native to the island of Mauritius, near the island of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. The closest relatives to the dodo bird are pigeons and doves, even though dodo birds were much larger in size. On average, dodo birds stood 3 feet tall and weighted about 40 lb. Unfortunately, due to aggressive human population, dodo birds became extinct in late 17th century. The Dodo Bird Location Dodo Birds, while now extinct, were found only on the small island of Mauritius, some 500 miles east of Madagascar, and 1200 miles east of Africa. The complete isolation of this island let the Dodo Birds grow and evolve without natural predators, unfortunately to a fault that led to their extinction.",
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; \"Which long running TV series was introduced by a piece of music, entitled, \"\"The Funeral March of a Marionette\"\", by Gounod?\"",
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"content": "Alfred Hitchcock Presents
Signatures in Suspense: Film Music on the Web CD Reviews Sept1999 Crotchet This is a superb production. I cannot think of a more elegant and fitting tribute to the master of suspense. One is immediately impressed with the quality feel of this album. The design is an elegant gate-fold sleeve with the booklet housed neatly under a flap that has a picture of Hitch photographed with a row of cans of films of all 49 of his thrillers up to Marnie. (Inside the booklet there is another witty picture of Hitch hitching himself up to place a can of his 50th film, Torn Curtain on the pile that towers above him.) The booklet and elaborate sleeve are printed beautifully in black and white with very tasteful typography and excellent pictures. Another of these shows Hitch walking down flights of stairs with an assistant dutifully carrying his studio chair behind him. But it is, of course, the music that is important and here we have some fascinating material that has never been released before and, even more important, the music of the majority of the tracks is conducted by the composers themselves. The album opens with the theme that introduced the long-running TV series Alfred Hitchcock Presents; Gounods Funeral March of a Marionette, chosen by Hitch himself. Its mordant strains were a perfect match for his rotund personality and dry wit. Dimitri Tiomkin conducts two themes. From Dial M for Murder, there is the love music for the scenes between Grace Kelly and Robert Cummins, which, at its centre, grows tawdry for this is the illicit affair that sparks off Ray Millands cunning murder plot. Cleverly, Tiomkin weaves the telephones dialling and ringing into his score. In contrast, constancy speaks in the love music for I Confess. It recalls the past love between the priest (Montgomery Clift) and Ruth (Anne Baxter). The quality of the sound on these two tracks is so-so. Franz Waxman is represented by the edgy energy of Jukebox # 6, from Rear Window; an overt jazz piece with the composer conducting the Paramount Studio orchestra. This exuberant little piece has never been available before. But it is, of course, Bernard Herrmann, whom we principally associate with Hitchcock. In this collection, we hear Herrmann himself conducting the Paramount Studio Orchestra in the Scene dAmour from Vertigo. The composer' reading is definitive: you feel Scottys pent-up sexual desire boiling over and the music fairly bristles with forebodings of imminent disillusion and tragedy. From North by Northwest, Herrmann conducts the MGM Studio Orchestra in the opening Fandango, but as it is used to underscore the scene where Cary Grant, forcibly intoxicated, careers out-of-control, driving down a country road. Also included are brilliant refurbishments of the old Decca Phase 4 (London) recordings Herrmann made, with the London orchestras, of Psycho (A narrative for Orchestra) and his deliciously wickedly funny A Portrait of Hitch (from The Trouble With Harry). Psycho comes up especially well with all those shrieking murder-scenes chords very well defined. Previously unreleased is Herrmanns Prelude from Marnie with the composer conducting the Universal Studio Orchestra. This prelude includes some poignant material that poignantly suggests the vulnerability of the beautiful Marnie. From Bernard Herrmanns more popular music-based score appropriate to The Wrong Man, in which musician Henry Fonda is wrongly accused of murder, we hear Elmer Bernstein conducting the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in the films Prelude. But the most interesting of all the Herrmann tracks must surely be another previously unreleased set of three excerpts from his rejected music for Torn Curtain. These are: Prelude, The Ship and The Radiogram. In Herrmanns hands his 16 horns and 12 flutes vividly evoke the harsh, steely, unrelentingly repressive Soviet-block regime. The Prelude is certainly far more arresting than John Addisons relatively colourless, jazz-based, commercial score for which Hitch",
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which King of England was known as ‘The Unready’?",
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"content": "Ethelred the Unready | king of England | Britannica.com Ethelred the Unready Alternative Titles: Aethelred, Aethelred Unraed, Ethelred II Ethelred the Unready Edward Ethelred the Unready, also spelled Aethelred, also called Ethelred II, or Aethelred Unraed (born 968?—died April 23, 1016, London , England ), king of the English from 978 to 1013 and from 1014 to 1016. He was an ineffectual ruler who failed to prevent the Danes from overrunning England. The epithet “unready” is derived from unraed, meaning “bad counsel” or “no counsel,” and puns on his name, which means “noble counsel.” Ethelred II, coin, 10th century; in the British Museum. Peter Clayton The son of King Edgar (ruled 959–975), Ethelred ascended the throne upon the assassination of his half brother King Edward the Martyr in March 978. Widespread suspicion that Ethelred may have had a part in the murder created much of the distrust and disloyalty that undermined his authority. Hence, there was no unified defense when the Danish invasions resumed in 980. Nearly all of the country was ravaged, and Ethelred’s efforts to buy peace only made the invaders more rapacious . When they did begin to settle down in towns, Ethelred provoked further invasions by launching a massacre of Danish settlers (Nov. 13, 1002). By the end of 1013 the Danish king Sweyn I had been accepted as king in England, and Ethelred had fled to Normandy . After Sweyn died in February 1014, Ethelred’s council of advisers invited him to return to the throne on condition that he agree to satisfy their grievances. At the time of Ethelred’s death in 1016, Sweyn’s son Canute was ravaging England. Ethelred was succeeded by his son Edmund II Ironside (ruled 1016); one of his other sons ruled England as Edward the Confessor from 1042 to 1066. Despite the overall failures of the reign, evidence from his charters and coinage suggest that Ethelred’s government was more effective than was once believed. Learn More in these related articles:",
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trivia_qa_1505802
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What does the parotid gland produce?",
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"content": "Salivary Glands Salivary Glands Salivary Glands Salivary glands produce saliva , which moistens the mouth to help a person chew and swallow food. Saliva also contains substances (enzymes) that begin the breakdown of food. There are four pairs of salivary glands: The parotid glands are located between the ear and the jaw. The submandibular glands are located under the jaw. The sublingual glands are located on the floor of the mouth under the tongue . The buccal glands are not shown in this picture. They are located in the mucous membrane lining the cheeks and mouth . These glands produce only a small amount of saliva. Credits Primary Medical ReviewerAdam Husney, MD - Family Medicine Specialist Medical ReviewerE. Gregory Thompson, MD - Internal Medicine Current as ofAugust 21, 2015 WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise This information is not intended to replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any liability for the decisions you make based on this information.© 1995-2015 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated. Top Picks",
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What does a misanthrope hate?",
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"content": "Misanthrope | Define Misanthrope at Dictionary.com misanthrope [mis-uh n-throhp, miz-] /ˈmɪs ənˌθroʊp, ˈmɪz-/ Spell [mis-an-thruh-pist, miz‐] /mɪsˈæn θrə pɪst, mɪz‐/ (Show IPA). Origin of misanthrope 1555-65; noun use of Greek mīsánthrōpos hating humankind, misanthropic. See mis- 2, anthropo- Le Misanthrope [French luh mee-zahn-trawp] /French lə mi zɑ̃ˈtrɔp/ Spell a comedy (1666) by Molière. Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for misanthrope Expand Contemporary Examples Portrait of the Artist as a Young Jerk Lizzie Stark May 4, 2009 Historical Examples The misanthrope once more retired to the pantry for shelter, and the rest of the guests were evidently disconcerted. Major Frank A. L. G. Bosboom-Toussaint And this was Montfort the misanthrope—Montfort the socialist—Montfort the agrarian. The misanthrope and the reckless are neither agitated nor agonised. Vivian Grey Earl of Beaconsfield, Benjamin Disraeli But, though he was slow to make close friendships, he was no misanthrope. British Dictionary definitions for misanthrope Expand a person who dislikes or distrusts other people or mankind in general Derived Forms C17: from Greek mīsanthrōpos, from misos hatred + anthrōpos man Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for misanthrope Expand n. \"one who hates mankind,\" 1560s, from Greek misanthropos \"hating mankind,\" from misein \"to hate\" (see miso- ) + anthropos \"man\" (see anthropo- ). Alternative form misanthropist is attested from 1650s. Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; British Prime Minister Harold MacMillan was the leader of which political party?",
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"content": "History of Harold Macmillan - GOV.UK GOV.UK Harold Macmillan Conservative 1957 to 1963 Born 29 December 1986, Chelwood Gate, Sussex Dates in office Political party Conservative Prime Minister Harold 'Supermac' Macmillan distanced the UK from apartheid, sped up the process of decolonisation and was heavily involved in negotiating the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. The half-American son of a publisher, Harold Macmillan was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford and served in both World Wars. He rose quickly through Conservative ranks and, when the Conservatives were elected in 1951, he was made Minister of Housing, then Minister of Defence, Foreign Secretary and finally Chancellor of the Exchequer. When Sir Anthony Eden resigned as Prime Minister in January 1957, Macmillan came out from the wreckage of Suez to lead a demoralised Conservative party and a country that was still in the depths of turmoil. Despite telling the Queen that he did not think the new government would last longer than 6 weeks, Macmillan quickly restored the country’s confidence and its fortunes. In domestic policy, he was determined to avoid the mass unemployment he had witnessed in the 1930s as MP for Stockton-on-Tees. A champion of economic planning and a moderniser at heart, as living standards and prosperity in Britain increased he was able to claim that the British public had “never had it so good”. Dubbed ‘Supermac’, the Conservative party increased its majority in the October 1959 General Election. On the international scene, Macmillan was busy with the complexities of the Cold War. He led the country through the Cuban Missile crisis and was the first truly nuclear-armed Prime Minister, taking important steps to maintain the effectiveness and credibility of the nuclear deterrent well into the 1980s. He was responsible for reorientating British foreign policy and he repaired the damage done to the Anglo-American relationship through his close relationships with Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy. With his ‘winds of change’ speech in 1960, he distanced himself and the country from apartheid and he speeded up the process of decolonisation, following a series of studies into the costs and benefits of the British Empire. Macmillan acknowledged that Britain’s future lay with Europe, but his plans for entry into the new European Economic Community were set back when the French President General Charles de Gaulle said no to Britain’s application in January 1963. Devastated, he wrote in his diary that “all our policies at home and abroad are in ruins”. His greatest achievement on the international scene came a few months later in August 1963, when he was heavily involved in negotiating the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, earning praise from Presidents Kennedy and Khrushchev for his patience and diplomacy. By 1963 the economy, thanks to problems with the balance of payments, was faltering. Harold was also increasingly portrayed as out of touch. The sacking of 6 cabinet ministers in an event that became known as the ‘night of the long knives’ did little to refresh the government. After a series of scandals, the most damaging of which involved the minister John Profumo, he resigned in October 1963. Macmillan was created Earl of Stockton in 1984 and died in 1986.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The logo of what company has recently been named after the NBA legend Larry Bird? The answer is less than 140 characters!",
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"content": "10 Years Later, Twitter Cements Position Across Sports Landscape 10 Years Later, Twitter Cements Position Across Sports Landscape {{article.article.images.featured.caption}} Opinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own. Full Bio The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer. Loading ... This story appears in the {{article.article.magazine.pretty_date}} issue of {{article.article.magazine.pubName}}. Subscribe Commissioner Don Garber pictured with Orlando City FC star, Kaka (Courtesy of MLS). Twitter celebrated its 10th anniversary earlier this week in the midst of a hailstorm of criticism from Wall Street over the past 18 months. Despite the negative press surrounding the platform, Twitter has cemented its position across the entire sports industry. According to Nielsen’s recent 2015 Sports Media Report, sports events accounted for close to 50% of all Twitter TV conversations. Given that sports accounts for just 1% of all TV programming, it’s a profound statistic which highlights sports influence on the social channel. Even the Twitter logo — Larry the Bird — is named after NBA legend and current Indiana Pacers President, Larry Bird. A decade after its Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Jack Dorsey, introduced Twitter to the world, the platform continues to evolve from a functional standpoint and the ways sports leagues, teams, athletes and media incorporate it into their own social strategy. With the acquisition of live-streaming service Periscope a year ago and Vine’s continued push in sports, Twitter has made it a priority to stretch its product offerings. Additionally, the platform’s strategic addition of SnappyTV in 2014 — a real-time editing tool which gives networks, leagues and other partners the opportunity to immediately share multi-media content — only adds to that pool of resources. Yet, even with the broadened list of distribution options, sports properties, organizations and individual personalities will ultimately always have to answer one question: how can Twitter best be used in real-time to disseminate information and visually-appealing content for easy consumption? *** ‘What keeps you up at night?’ Admittedly, it’s a question that Danny Keens has frequently received over the past couple of months. “How do we continue to give sports fans an experience that they can’t get anywhere else?” answered Keens, Twitter’s Head of North American Sports Partnerships. “How do we continue to give them a connection with other fans, with athletes, that you cannot experience on any other platform? That’s at the heart of it.” After digesting the question, Keens explained that it’s about the entire Twitter sports group giving sports entities, athletes and the sports fan various options with how to express themselves. “If you look at the product roadmap, it’s always been about new ways to express yourself,” added Keens. From simply pure text in 2006 to photos, live-streaming video, Twitter emojis, GIFs, Vines and other shareable content, Twitter has double-downed on integrating creative, visually-appealing features into the platform. The deeper toolkit coupled with heightened access now gives teams and leagues the opportunity to take their fans behind-the-scenes to areas that no one else can see. “As much as the athletes, the teams and the leagues are important and vital to the platform, the most crucial person is the everyday user,” said Keens, adding that the platform now boasts 320 million users. “Servicing sports fans as best we can is why we come to work and what we think about everyday. ...It’s about giving fans a reason to log back in on a daily basis.” *** Prior to the 2014 DAYTONA 500, NASCAR driver, Dale Earnhardt, Jr. , vowed to the media that if he won the race, he would finally fire up his Twitter account, which already had 200,000 followers, and send his first tweet. After calming words of encouragement from his close friends, some social guidance from fellow driver, Jimmie Johnson, and of course, a stop in Victory Lane, Earnhardt sent his first tweet on Feb",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Who replaced David Tennant as Doctor Who in January?",
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"content": "Doctor Who? Unknown actor Matt Smith, 26, announced as David Tennant's replacement | Daily Mail Online Doctor Who? Unknown actor Matt Smith, 26, announced as David Tennant's replacement comments A virtually unknown 26-year-old who once had ambitions to become a professional footballer has been unveiled as the 11th Doctor Who. Matt Smith will be the youngest-ever actor to play the 903-year-old Time Lord, in a casting move that caught most fans by surprise. He said yesterday he was ‘flabbergasted’ to be picked to replace David Tennant, and ‘hadn’t slept’ since being told just before Christmas. Doctor Who? Matt Smith is to replace David Tennant as the new Doctor in the hit BBC sci-fi drama He said: ‘Doctor Who has the iconic status of Robin Hood or Sherlock Holmes, and I’m taking that on. That’s my responsibility and it’s exciting. Nerve-racking, but exciting.’ Born and brought up in Northampton, Smith played football at the Nottingham Forest and Leicester City youth academies until a back injury at the age of 16 forced him to quit. His drama teacher at Northampton School for Boys, Jerry Hardingham, got him one of his first stage roles but remembers: ‘He was so self-effacing he wasn’t sure if he would be good enough.’ Haven't I seen you before? Smith appeared alongside Tennant's former assistant Billie Piper in the BBC drama Ruby In The Smoke He added: ‘His success is no surprise to those who worked with him. Matt was always a likeable lad and very popular with his peers.’ RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share Smith is probably best known for the BBC2 political drama Party Animals, in which he played researcher Danny Foster. He also worked with Doctor’s companion Billie Piper in the 2006 TV adaptation of The Ruby In The Smoke. He appeared in Alan Bennett's play The History Boys at the National Theatre in London, and alongside Christian Slater in Swimming with Sharks in the West End. Unexpected choice: Unknown stage actor Matt Smith, 26, talks about his new role Two of the productions in which he featured - That Face and On the Shore of the Wide World - won Laurence Olivier Awards. Smith will begin filming the new series in the summer, for transmission in spring 2010. That will give him time to win over fans, dubbed Whovians, some of whom were unenthusiastic at the news of the Doctor’s latest regeneration. One devotee who posted on the BBC’s message boards said: ‘Toddler in the Tardis! He is far, far, far too young. What is this obsession with going younger and younger?' Exciting, but nerve-wracking: Smith can't wait to begin creating the new Doctor His new role is likely to make Smith something of a heartthrob, but the actor already has a girlfriend in Brazil, whom he met on a recent trip to South America. Speculation about the new Doctor’s identity had been feverish since David Tennant announced in October that he was standing down. Black actor Paterson Joseph had been the bookies’ favourite, but some fans had backed Billie Piper to be the first female Doctor. The BBC kept the actor’s identity top secret until it a special episode of its spin-off show Doctor Who Confidential last night. Only six people, including the actor and his agent, knew he had been cast. David Tennant is a tough act to follow At a photoshoot on Christmas Eve, even the stylist and photographer were not told what the picture was about, and the Tardis was digitally inserted in the background later. Smith said keeping quiet had proved a challenge. 'I've been with my flat mate, watching the TV, and Doctor Who is on. And I'm thinking \"I've got something I would like to share...\".' The decision to cast Smith – who is three years younger than Peter Davidson was when he signed up in 1981 – fell to executive producers Steven Moffat and Piers Wenger. Moffat, who created TV comedy dramas Press Gang and Coupling, said: ‘The Doctor is a very special part, and it takes a very special actor to play him. You need to be old and young at the same time, a boffin and an action hero, a cheeky schoolboy and the wise old man of the universe.' He said he had originally",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; From which film does the following quote come: I love the smell of napalm in the morning",
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"content": "Apocalypse Now (1979) - Quotes - IMDb Apocalypse Now (1979) Kilgore : Napalm, son. Nothing else in the world smells like that. [kneels] Kilgore : I love the smell of napalm in the morning. You know, one time we had a hill bombed, for 12 hours. When it was all over, I walked up. We didn't find one of 'em, not one stinkin' dink body. The smell, you know that gasoline smell, the whole hill. Smelled like [sniffing, pondering] Kilgore : victory. Someday this war's gonna end... [suddenly walks off] Share this: Facebook | Twitter | Permalink Hide options Kurtz : I've seen horrors... horrors that you've seen. But you have no right to call me a murderer. You have a right to kill me. You have a right to do that... but you have no right to judge me. It's impossible for words to describe what is necessary to those who do not know what horror means. Horror... Horror has a face... and you must make a friend of horror. Horror and moral terror are your friends. If they are not, then they are enemies to be feared. They are truly enemies! I remember when I was with Special Forces... seems a thousand centuries ago. We went into a camp to inoculate some children. We left the camp after we had inoculated the children for polio, and this old man came running after us and he was crying. He couldn't see. We went back there, and they had come and hacked off every inoculated arm. There they were in a pile. A pile of little arms. And I remember... I... I... I cried, I wept like some grandmother. I wanted to tear my teeth out; I didn't know what I wanted to do! And I want to remember it. I never want to forget it... I never want to forget. And then I realized... like I was shot... like I was shot with a diamond... a diamond bullet right through my forehead. And I thought, my God... the genius of that! The genius! The will to do that! Perfect, genuine, complete, crystalline, pure. And then I realized they were stronger than we, because they could stand that these were not monsters, these were men... trained cadres. These men who fought with their hearts, who had families, who had children, who were filled with love... but they had the strength... the strength... to do that. If I had ten divisions of those men, our troubles here would be over very quickly. You have to have men who are moral... and at the same time who are able to utilize their primordial instincts to kill without feeling... without passion... without judgment... without judgment! Because it's judgment that defeats us. Share this: Facebook | Twitter | Permalink Hide options [first lines] Willard : [voiceover] Saigon... shit; I'm still only in Saigon... Every time I think I'm gonna wake up back in the jungle. Willard : When I was home after my first tour, it was worse. [grabs at flying insect] Willard : I'd wake up and there'd be nothing. I hardly said a word to my wife, until I said \"yes\" to a divorce. When I was here, I wanted to be there; when I was there, all I could think of was getting back into the jungle. I'm here a week now... waiting for a mission... getting softer. Every minute I stay in this room, I get weaker, and every minute Charlie squats in the bush, he gets stronger. Each time I looked around the walls moved in a little tighter. Share this: Facebook | Twitter | Permalink Hide options Willard : Could we, uh... talk to Colonel Kurtz? Photojournalist : Hey, man, you don't talk to the Colonel. You listen to him. The man's enlarged my mind. He's a poet warrior in the classic sense. I mean sometimes he'll... uh... well, you'll say \"hello\" to him, right? And he'll just walk right by you. He won't even notice you. And suddenly he'll grab you, and he'll throw you in a corner, and he'll say, \"Do you know that 'if' is the middle word in life? If you can keep your head when all about you are losing theirs and blaming it on you, if you can trust yourself when all men doubt you\"... I mean I'm... no, I can't... I'm a little man, I'm a little man, he's... he's a great man! I should have been a pair of ragged claws scuttling across floors of silent seas... Share this: Face",
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The rival houses of Lancaster and York were both",
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"content": "House of Lancaster House of Lancaster UK Portal Top Surnames This project identifies individuals belonging to the royal House of Lancaster. Overview The House of Lancaster was a branch of the royal House of Plantagenet. It was one of the opposing factions involved in the Wars of the Roses, an intermittent civil war which affected England and Wales during the 15th century. The family provided England with three kings: Henry IV of England, who ruled 1399–1413; Henry V of England, who ruled 1413–1422; and Henry VI of England and (II of) France, who ruled 1422–1461 and 1470–1471. Origins The House descended from Edward III's third surviving son, John of Gaunt. Gaunt did not receive a large inheritance, so he made his fortune through marriage to the heiress Blanche of Lancaster, who brought with her the considerable lands of the Earls of Leicester and Lancaster, making him the wealthiest landowner in England after the King. He was conferred the second creation of the title of \"Duke of Lancaster\" by his father Edward III in 1362, a year following the death of John of Gaunt's father-in-law Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster. Gaunt enjoyed great political influence during his lifetime, but upon his death in 1399, his lands were confiscated by Richard II. Gaunt's exiled son and heir Henry of Bolingbroke returned home the same year with an army to reclaim the Lancaster estates, but ended riding a tide of popular opposition to Richard II that saw him take control of the Kingdom. Richard II was deposed and died in captivity, and Bolingbroke was declared King Henry IV of England. In doing so he bypassed the descendants of Edward III's second surviving son, Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, who eventually became the rival House of York. Henry IV was succeeded by his son Henry V, and eventually by his grandson Henry VI in 1422. Claim to France Henry V restated Edward III's earlier claim to the throne of France and resumed the Hundred Years War. He defeated the French in several battles, most notably in the Battle of Agincourt in 1415 and later allied himself with Burgundy, a cadet line of the Royal House of Valois. In 1420, the Duke of Burgundy negotiated the Treaty of Troyes between Henry and Charles VI of France, under which Henry married Charles' daughter Catherine, assumed the regency of France and would succeed to the throne on Charles' death. The treaty also effectively disinherited Charles' son, the Dauphin Charles. However, Henry V predeceased Charles VI, on whose death the French crown passed to his grandson, Henry VI, the infant son of Henry V and Catherine of France, in whose name regents reigned in England and France. Henry's claim according to the Treaty of Troyes was only recognised in those parts of France controlled by the English and their allies, while the territory south of the river Loire recognised the Dauphin Charles as King Charles VII. Charles at first did little to extend his rule beyond this territory. The intervention of Joan of Arc, culminating in Charles' royal consecration at Reims in 1429, reinvigorated the Valois' will to assert their rule to the whole of France. The English regents in Paris reacted by having Henry VI formally crowned King of France in 1431. However, the Valois' renewed efforts, including their military reforms, together with the increasing weakness of the English monarchy, which was beset by internal strife among the nobles, resulted in the House of Lancaster losing all French possessions (except Calais) in 1453, effectively putting an end to the Lancastrian Kingdom of France. However, English monarchs retained their claim to France until 1801. War of the Roses Henry VI was a weak monarch who suffered from periods of mental illness. In 1461, he was usurped and imprisoned by his cousin Edward of York, who proclaimed himself Edward IV of England. Henry VI was able to fight back and re-established his rule in 1470, but little under six months later was forced from the throne once again by Edward IV. He died in captivity in 1471, 17 days after his son and heir, Edward of Westmi",
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; On which novel by HG Wells was the 1963 musical 'Half a Sixpence' based?",
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"content": "BBC - Birmingham - Entertainment - Half a Sixpence You are in: Birmingham > Entertainment > Theatre and Dance > Half a Sixpence Half a Sixpence By Clive Fuller, contributor Gary Wilmot stars as Kipps in this musical based on the novel by H. G. Wells. Showing at the Hippodrome until 20th October '07. Originally staged in the West End in 1963, it later became a film starring Tommy Steele. Half a Sixpence Today the script has been re-worked and a number of new songs added by Warner Brown. There's an emotionally show-stopping moment in Act 2 when Gary Wilmot sings “What Should I Feel?” and it brings the house down! The story is about English society of the early 20th century and how, with new money, a working class chap like Arthur Kipps could become posh through inheriting a gigantic £1,200-a-year fortune. Sadly he forgets his first love, Ann, to whom he had given a love token in the form of half a sixpence and gets involved with a posh family who spend all his money. Half a Sixpence Luckily though, he wins back Ann and an earlier investment in a play “Biff” being written by thespian Harry Chitterlow finally pays dividends much to everyone’s surprise. West End star and seasoned song and dance man Gary Wilmot delivers a consistently energetic performance and by virtue of his role as both narrator and key character carries the show throughout. As narrator he sets the scene and guides the audience through the story, he is an eye catching solo and group dancer, an accomplished actor and singer, but most of all he is a natural for the role of Arthur Kipps. Half a Sixpence I've lost count of the time this has been applied to Gary Wilmot but you cannot escape the fact that he is so good. His list of both West End and national touring credits is impressive and the last 20 years have been a very busy time for him. He gives this show 100%+ and the audience gave him a standing ovation and called for more. Claire Marlowe plays Kipps first love Ann and is well cast having a delightful singing voice. David Delve is larger than life as Harry Chitterlow. The Walsingham family are all well played adding a lovely touch of upper crust to numbers such as “Finesse”. Half a Sixpence Musical director Tom de Keyser and his musicians provided an evening of magical sounds that were well matched to the performers on stage and his new orchestrations have added to the overall quality of the show. Director Bob Thomson, designer Alexander McPherson and choreographer Jason Pennycooke have created an attractive show that is the perfect touring vehicle for Gary Wilmot and a talented team of players. The most well known musical numbers such as “Flash, Bang, Wallop“, “All in the Cause of Economy“, and “Half a Sixpence” excel and there are so many big production numbers and moments that the whole evening was a joy. Based on tonight, I think that for the run here we should rename the theatre the Happidrome. Clive Fuller, contributor",
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; The site of the old English and pirate harbour of Port Royal is to be found where in the Caribbean?",
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"content": "Port Royal and the Real Pirates of the Caribbean | Ancient Origins 10 June, 2014 - 13:56 dhwty Port Royal and the Real Pirates of the Caribbean (Read the article on one page) It is fair to say that Pirates of the Caribbean is to pirates what Indiana Jones is to archaeologists. In other words, the romanticization of history for the purpose of entertainment usually comes at the expense of historical accuracy, and the Hollywood movie Pirates of the Caribbean is no exception. One of the settings of the film is Port Royal, Jamaica. Here we explore the real facts behind the pirates of ancient port of Jamaica. Port Royal was first occupied by the Taino Indians. While it is unclear whether the Taino settled in that area or not, it is known that they used Port Royal during their fishing expeditions. During that time, Port Royal was called Caguay or Caguaya. The Spanish colonisation of Jamaica brought this area under Spanish control, although, like the Taino before them, they did not have much use for it. In addition, the Taino name for this place was also retained. In 1654, an English expedition under Robert Venables and William Penn (the father of the William Penn who founded Pennsylvania) was sent by Oliver Cromwell to capture the island of Hispaniola (present day Haiti) from the Spanish. Defeated by the Spanish, and fearing to report their failure to Cromwell, Venables and Penn decided to head southwest to the poorly defended island of Jamaica. They succeeded in capturing the island, and a fort, named Fort Cromwell was built, around which the settlement of Point Cagway sprang up. When Charles II was restored to the English throne, the fort was renamed Fort Charles, and the settlement became Port Royal. A map of Port Royal, Jamaica. Credit: Sharon Brown As the area commanded a large and well-protected harbour, along with deep water close to shore, Port Royal soon became an important trading centre in the Caribbean. Due to its tremendous wealth, Port Royal required protection from the enemies of England, especially Spain, who may have had thoughts of recapturing Jamaica. Thus, a form of legalised piracy was allowed, in which pirates were given ‘letters of marque and reprisal’, a government license authorizing privateers to attack and capture enemy vessels and bring them before admiralty courts for condemnation and sale. This effectively authorised their raids on Spanish ships. Due to its strategic position on the trading routes between the New World and Spain, Port Royal was a highly attractive place for pirates who sought to become legitimate privateers. One of the most famous and successful privateers at Port Royal was Henry Morgan, who eventually became the Lieutenant Governor of Jamaica. Captain Morgan entering Port Royal. Image source . The presence of these privateers and their Spanish booty encouraged the growth of other forms of businesses as well. Soon, bars and brothels popped up all around Port Royal where the privateers spent their treasures and indulged themselves. It has been claimed, for instance, that one in four buildings in Port Royal was either a bar or a brothel. The presence of these elements of society soon earned Port Royal the title of the “wickedest city on Earth”. Port Royal’s glory days would soon come to an end, when a massive earthquake and tsunami struck in 1692. As a result, much of Port Royal was swallowed up by the sea. In the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, it was common to ascribe the destruction to divine retribution on the people of Port Royal for their sinful ways. Members of the Jamaica Council declared: \"We are become by this an instance of God Almighty's severe judgement.\" Whilst there were some attempts to rebuild Port Royal in the following decades, it would never achieve the ‘splendour’ it once had. Soon, its importance was overshadowed by the city of Kingston, the present capital of Jamaica. Today, Port Royal is a sleepy fishing village, perhaps similar to how it was during the days of the Taino. Nevertheless, the submerged remains of Port Royal are in an excellent state o",
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In international flag signalling code, what is a rectangular flag centred with a white square?",
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"content": "International Code of Signals (Overview) This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website International Code of Signals (Overview) FOTW Topical Index International Code of Signals (Overview) The International Code of Signals was first drafted in 1855 by the British Board of Trade and subsequently published in 1857 as a means of maritime communications. The original publication showed 17,000 signals using 18 flags, part of which was specific to the United Kingdom and another part that contained universal signals to be used by all nations. Adopted by most sea-faring nations, the system was revised in 1932 to include seven languages: English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Spanish, and Norwegian. The Fourth Assembly of the Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization revised the code in 1965 which became effective on January 1, 1969. This revision added Russian and Greek to the languages already included and adopted a new radiotelephone code. Each signal has a complete meaning. Jorge Candeias, 31 August 1999 The site of the Mystic Seaport Library has put on line the following brochure: Report of the Committee Appointed by the Lords of the Committe of Privy Council for Trade to Inquire into and Report upon the subject of a Code of Signals to be used at Sea published in London by HMSO , 1857. Fourteen pages in all, this makes interesting reading and provides background information on the machinery leading to the adoption of signal flags. Thirteen official and more less official codes were debated as were the various qualities a system should have. A 'Numeral' code's disadvantages are listed and some simple mathematics displayed e.g. , the number of permutations. Maryatt's code flags are recommended albeit with some variations. The report (accompanied by a separate signal book) did not only address British usage but foreign as well, in fact, it invited contributions from other nations along the lines specified. Lastly, it was decided not to burden the system with a list of ship's names. A few appendices further develop some of the above. Jan Mertens, 9 August 2005 All signal code flags are square, although A and B are broadly swallowtailed. The colours are as follows: A = vertically divided, white on hoist, blue on fly. B = red C = horizontally divided, blue-white-red-white-blue, ratio 1:1:1:1:1 D = horizontally divided, yellow-blue-yellow, ratio 1:2:1 E = horizontally divided, blue over red F = white field, with red square rotated 45 o on to its corner, extending to the edges of the flag G = vertically divided (from hoist) yellow-blue-yellow-blue-yellow-blue H = vertically divided white on hoist and red on fly. I = yellow field, small black circle in centre J = horizontally equally divided blue-white-blue K = vertically divided, yellow on hoist, blue on fly L = quartered, first and fourth yellow, second and third black. M = blue field, white saltire-style cross N = chequered, four rows and four columns, alternating blue and white, beginning with blue in the upper hoist O = diagonally divided, yellow in the lower hoist, red in the upper fly. P = blue field, small white square centred on it Q = yellow; the quarantine flag R = red field, yellow cross S = white field, small blue square centred on it T = vertically equally divided, red-white-blue from hoist to fly U = quartered, first and fourth red, second and third white V = white field, red saltire-style cross W = blue field, white square centred on it, small red square centred in the white X = white field, blue cross Y = diagonally striped, stripes rising from lower hoist to upper fly, yellow-red-yellow-red-yellow-red-yellow-red-yellow-red Z = diagonally quartered, yellow in upper sector, black along hoist, red in lower sector, blue in fly sector. Signal Flags in Combinations Ship signal flags can also be grouped in pairs to make new combination meanings. Here is a list I took from Dictionaire Complet et Illustr� Petit Larousse, 1996 NC I'm in danger NA Navigation proh",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the stage name of Victoria Hesketh, an English electropop musician who sings and plays the keyboard, piano, stylophone and the Tenori-on?",
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"content": "Victoria Hesketh - Zimbio Victoria Hesketh No articles yet. Overview Victoria Christina Hesketh (born c.1984), also known by her stage name/pseudonym Little Boots, is an English electropop singer-songwriter. Her stage name comes from a nickname given to her by a friend, a reference to her size 2½ feet. As a musician Little Boots sings and plays the piano, keyboards, synthesizer, Stylophone and a Japanese... more Victoria Christina Hesketh (born c.1984), also known by her stage name/pseudonym Little Boots, is an English electropop singer-songwriter. Her stage name comes from a nickname given to her by a friend, a reference to her size 2½ feet. As a musician Little Boots sings and plays the piano, keyboards, synthesizer, Stylophone and a Japanese electronic instrument called Tenori-on. Featured Stories",
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What was the title of Graham Norton's autobiography, published in 2004?",
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"content": "So Me: Amazon.co.uk: Graham Norton: 9780340833490: Books Graham Norton Enter your mobile number or email address below and we'll send you a link to download the free Kindle App. Then you can start reading Kindle books on your smartphone, tablet, or computer - no Kindle device required. Apple To get the free app, enter your mobile phone number. or Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here , or download a FREE Kindle Reading App . Product details Publisher: Hodder Paperbacks; Reprint edition (11 April 2005) Language: English Product Dimensions: 13.1 x 1.4 x 19.9 cm Average Customer Review: Product Description Amazon Review Like a lot of autobiographies, So Me is more interesting and insightful on the period of struggle before Graham Norton became famous than on a life which has become a constant round of professional encounters with celebrities. He is funny on his unsuccessful career as an actor and rather touching on the friendships that date back to the years he spent as a waiter. Under a surface of camp glibness, he is surprisingly evocative about the London of the 1980s--certain key locations of his life such as the restaurant where he worked or the slum high-rise where he lived are entirely present here. He is honest about his flaws and moving about friends who taught him to be better--for example, a commune where he lived for a year in San Francisco gets a tribute. His later life--his cult success as a comedian and his discovery that what he really was is a chat-show host--is recorded with occasional insight. He is attractively unapologetic about his taste for smut; this is who he is and what he does, and we can take it or leave it.--Roz Kaveney --This text refers to an out of print or unavailable edition of this title. Review A frank, funny and sometimes tortured autobiography (Andrew Billen, The Times) Honest and entertaining ... he uses his quick wit and humour to amuse the reader from start to finish (The Sun) Frank and funny (Mirror) A jaunty romp with oodles of humour (Hot Stars (OK)) A hugely engaging account of his life that is written with the same breezy bravura that he exhibits on telly ... There are points in the book when I found myself laughing out loud, and others when I was unusually moved ... Celebrity memoirs are rarely as genuine or as generously candid (Herald)",
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{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; If a quaver is an 8th note in music, what is a 64th note called?",
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"content": "Music Theory - Note Values Home > Online Piano Lessons > Note Values Note Values In order to read a music piece, we need to know the note values, and names of each note. The following section shows us the different values of notes, that is, how long each note lasts. 4 beats: called a semibreve (whole note) 3 beats: called a dotted minim (dotted half note) 2 beats: called a minim (half note) 1 beat: called a crotchet (quarter note) Half a beat: called a quaver (eighth note) Quarter of a beat: called a semiquaver (sixteenth note) Did you get it? Now you're ready to read more notes. Music is written on groups of five lines called staves. Notes are written on lines: Keyboard music uses two staves. One is for the top half of the instrument. The symbol at the beginning of the line is called the treble clef, sometimes called the G clef. In piano music this calls for the use of right hand. The other is for the bottom half of the instrument. The symbol at the beginning of the line is called the bass clef, sometimes called the F clef. Bass clef calls for the use of the left hand. The two staves are joined by a bracket. Usually the notes on the upper stave are played with the right hand, and the notes on the lower stave are played with the left hand.",
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"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; In 1982, Sarah Jane Hutt was the last English winner of which title?",
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},
{
"content": "Countries With The World's Most Beautiful Women - WorldAtlas.com Society Countries With The World's Most Beautiful Women Ranked by total number of combined Miss Universe and Miss World beauty contest winners, Venezuela surely has some of the world's most attractive ladies. Olivia Culpo at the 2013 Tribeca Film Festival. Culpo was a Miss Rhode Island, Miss USA, and Miss Universe Winner in 2012. She is also an accomplished cellist. Since beauty is said to be in the eye of the beholder, and considering that beauty certainly comes from all parts of the world, it can be difficult to assert that one nation's females' relative beauties are greater than that of another nation. However, we have made the best attempt possible to rank such physical characteristics by means of ranking countries by the sum of their title-holders in two of the world's most competitive international beauty pageants. Namely, these are Miss World and Miss Universe. 6. United Kingdom (5 Miss World Winners) In terms of beautiful women, the United Kingdom ranks sixth in the world, gifting the world the opportunity to appreciate the stunning beauties of 5 ladies who went on to win the title of Miss World for their country. Rosemarie Frankland became the first British woman, and the seventh European one, to win the title of Miss World in 1961. Ann Sidney, Lesley Langley, and Helen Morgan also won the Miss World titles for United Kingdom in 1964, 1974, and 1983, respectively. The most recent Miss World winner from the United Kingdom was Sarah-Jane Hutt, who achieved the title in the year 1983. 5. Sweden (3 Miss World, 3 Miss Universe) Swedish women are often seen as both beautiful and independent, and have managed to woo the world with their charms for ages. Sweden can thus boast of producing 3 Miss World and 3 Miss Universe winners. Hillevi Rombin Schine was the first Miss Universe winner representing Sweden, and the one who won the title in 1955, becoming the fourth Miss Universe winner in the world. Sadly, in 1996, she became the first Miss Universe to pass away, doing so amidst a plane crash in 1996. Margareta Arvidsson and Yvonne Ryding were the other two Miss Universe winners from Sweden, and they won the title in the years 1966 and 1984, respectively. In 1951, Kiki Håkansson became the first beauty queen to win the Miss World title for Sweden. Her crowning was surrounded by controversy when she wore a bikini during the ceremony, which was ridiculed by the Pope as well as some others in religiously conservative countries. The Swedish beauties May Louise Flodin and Mary Ann Catrin Stävin won the Miss World title for themselves in the years 1952 and 1977, respectively. 4. Puerto Rico (5 Miss Universe, 1 Miss World) The spectacular Caribbean island of Puerto Rico has produced equally spectacular ladies, and several have won universal appreciation for their incredible beauty. 5 Miss Universe and 1 Miss World winner have hailed from this country. Wilnelia Merced, a model, was the first, and only, Puerto Rican to win the Miss World title, doing so in 1975. The first Puerto Rican lady to grab the much coveted Miss Universe title was Marisol Malaret, who was crowned Miss Universe in 1970. In 1985, Deborah Carthy-Deu, and in 1993, Dayanara Yari Torres Delgado, also won the Miss Universe titles from Puerto Rico. Delgado, a multi-talented model, actor, singer, and writer, acted as an ambassador for UNICEF and established the Dayanara Torres Foundation, funding the education of underprivileged children in her home country. The last two Puerto Rican ladies to win the Miss Universe title were Denisse Maria Quiñones August, who was crowned Miss Universe in 2001, and Zuleyka Jerris Rivera Mendoza, who became Miss Universe 2006. 3. India (5 Miss World, 2 Miss Universe) Since ages of long ago, Indian women have been revered and loved for their elegant beauty and radiant looks. The definition of Indian beauty is associated with dynamism, with the mind-boggling ethnic diversity of India reflected in the distinctive appearances of the country’s beautiful ladies. Indian women",
"role": "assistant"
}
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trivia_qa_1505816
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which popular sport was once known as ‘sphairistike’?",
"role": "user"
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{
"content": "tennis: History History History Origins Unlike most other sports, lawn tennis has precise origins. An Englishman, Major Walter C. Wingfield, invented lawn tennis (1873) and first played it at a garden party in Wales. Called \"Sphairistiké\" [Gr., = ball playing] by its inventor, the early game was played on an hourglass-shaped court, widest at the baselines and narrowest at the net. In creating the new sport, Wingfield borrowed heavily from the older games of court tennis and squash racquets and probably even from the Indian game of badminton . Court tennis is also known as royal tennis. It originated in France during the Middle Ages and became a favorite of British royalty, including Henry VIII. The progression from court tennis, which used an unresilient sheepskin ball filled with sawdust, sand, or wool, to lawn tennis depended upon invention of a ball that would bounce. Lawn tennis caught on quickly in Great Britain, and soon the All England Croquet Club at Wimbledon held the first world tennis championship (1877). Restricted to male players, that event became the famous Wimbledon Tournament for the British National Championship, still the most prestigious event in tennis. In 1884 Wimbledon inaugurated a women's championship. Soon the game became popular in many parts of the British Empire, especially in Australia. Tennis spread to the United States by way of Bermuda. While vacationing there, Mary Ewing Outerbridge of New York was introduced (1874) to the game by a friend of Wingfield. She returned to the United States with a net, balls, and rackets, and with the help of her brother, set up a tennis court in Staten Island, N.Y. The first National Championship, for men only, was held (1881) at Newport, R.I. A women's championship was begun six years later, and in 1915 the National Championship moved to Forest Hills, N.Y. Since 1978 what is now the United States Tennis Association Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing, N.Y., has hosted the event (known as the U.S. Open). The Tennis Hall of Fame is in Newport, R.I. The Professionalization of Tournament Tennis In 1900 the international team competition known as the Davis Cup tournament began. Along with the Wightman Cup (begun 1923), an annual tournament between British and American women's teams, the Davis Cup helped to focus international attention on tennis. In 1963, a women's Davis Cup equivalent, the Federation Cup, usurped the prestige of the Wightman Cup. In the first decades of the 1900s tennis was primarily a sport of the country club set. The widespread construction of courts on school and community playgrounds in the 1930s (many built by the federal government's New Deal agencies) helped to make tennis more accessible to the public. When the professional game showed itself to be profitable in the late 1920s, a number of amateur players joined the tour. One of the first to do so was William Tilden , perhaps the greatest player in the history of tennis. Before Tilden turned pro (1931), he won a total of seven United States singles championships and three Wimbledon championships. The continued defection of amateur players into the professional ranks was one of the factors that led amateur tennis's world governing body, the International Lawn Tennis Federation (ILTF, founded 1913), to open its tournaments to both professionals and amateurs in 1968. For many years the major ILTF-sponsored tournaments, including Wimbledon and the U.S. National Championship, had been restricted to amateurs. With the advent of open tennis, however, the great professionals were allowed to compete for the major titles. Eventually, the Davis Cup also allowed professionals. The four major annual tournaments in international tennis are Wimbledon, the Australian Open, the French Open, and the U.S. Open. Winning all four in the same year is called a grand slam. Only Don Budge (1938), Rod Laver (1962, 1969), Maureen Connolly (1953), Margaret Court (1970), and Steffi Graf (1988) have won grand slams. In 1971, the establishment of a women-only professional tour gave female pros finan",
"role": "assistant"
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trivia_qa_1505817
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What is the maximum possible score in a game of ten pin bowling?",
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{
"content": "Bowling Score Calculator A strike (X) is when the bowler knocked down all 10 pins on the first try. (i.e. the first ball rolled). Since it's a strike there is no need to roll the ball for a second try for that frame! A spare (/) is when the bowler knocked down less than 10 pins with the first try (the first ball rolled) but knocked down the remaining pins with the second ball for a total of 10 pins knocked down for that frame. The maximum score for a game = 300 Examples of scoring Take a simple game where you have no strikes and no spares. You just throw 2 balls per frame knocking down 5 on your first ball and 3 on your second ball. And.. by chance you do this for all 10 frames of the game. So... each frame would be worth 8 points for a grand total score of 80 for the whole game Let's hope you are a bit better than that and get a strike. Strikes are worth more and are a little more complicated to score The rule for a strike score is as follows: The score for the strike frame = 10 plus the total of the next TWO BALLS THROWN plus the previous frame score. What?? Say you have the following scores frame #1 = 8 (you rolled two balls but only knocked down 8 pins) frame #2 = X (strike!) You knocked down all 10 pins with the first ball) frame #3 (ball 1) = 7 pins knocked down and ball 2 = (only 1 more pin knocked down) Your score for frame #1 = 8 Your score for frame #2 = 10 + frame3(ball1) + frame3(ball2) + frame #1 score = 10 + 7 + 1 + 8 = 26 (this is the score you write down in the frame #2 box) Your score for frame 3 is just simple math or frame 2 + frame 3 = 34 (the score written in frame #3 box) Remember you can't compute frame 2's score UNTIL you have thrown TWO more balls (in frame 3)!!! Try this on the calculator and watch the scores appear. Now you get a spare Spares are almost the same as strikes except they are worth 10 points plus the value of the next ball thrown. What?? Continue with frame #4 frame #4 you roll ball 1 and knock down 5 pins so ball 1 = 5 on your second ball for Frame #4 you knock down the remaining pins ball2 = 5 (all pins knocked down - 2 balls spare!) you can't total frame 4 yet because you need the value of your next ball in upcoming frame#5 Say in frame #5 you roll your ball and knock down 8 pins on the first roll. Ball 1 in Frame # 5 = 8 Now we can determine Frame #4s score. Now frame #4 score = 10 + frame 5(ball 1 value) + the score total in frame#3 = 10 + 8 + 34 Continuing on you roll your second ball in Frame#5 and you knock down 1 more pin. So the total score for frame #5 will be: frame #5 score = 52 (from frame#4) + 9 from frame #5 total = 61 Try this on the calculator and watch the scores appear. Another tricky part is the 10th frame if you get a strike on your FIRST ball - you must throw TWO more balls so you can compute the 10th frame score. (If these balls are strikes also, they only count as 10 each. They are just needed to get your next ball values.) You get a spare by a combination of your first and your SECOND ball you must throw a third ball to compute the spare equation. YOU ONLY THROW UP TO 3 balls in the 10th frame. Hope this helps, try it out on the calculator Close We are bowlers and we strive to make this the Internet's best bowling score calculator. Today we have a calculator for the 10 Pin bowlers out there and another calculator for Duck Pin bowlers. Of course one of the main reasons for this application is to answer the \"what if's\". At work the next day after league play from the previous night those missed spares nag at me. Have you ever wondered - What if I just picked up one more spare? Well, this website is for you. Try it on on your mobile device! Please send us your feedback - [email protected] Close How to use this calculator This is a website that calculates a bowling score based upon your input. You can have as many as 12 simultaneous games on the screen at one time. Simply click the button that says <Start Another Game> If you want more games to appear then click the <Start Another Game> button again and again. Scoring This webs",
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trivia_qa_1505818
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Where in Paris would you find the French foreign ministry?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The French Minister (2013) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Watch Now From $3.99 (SD) on Amazon Video Alexandre Taillard de Vorms is tall and impressive, a man with style, attractive to women. He also happens to be the Minister of Foreign Affairs for the land of enlightenment: France. With ... See full summary » Director: Famous Directors: From Sundance to Prominence From Christopher Nolan to Quentin Tarantino and every Coen brother in between, many of today's most popular directors got their start at the Sundance Film Festival . Here's a list of some of the biggest names to go from Sundance to Hollywood prominence. a list of 23 titles created 26 Feb 2013 a list of 33 titles created 18 Oct 2013 a list of 33 titles created 30 Aug 2014 a list of 33 titles created 28 Feb 2015 a list of 41 titles created 11 months ago Title: The French Minister (2013) 6.4/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. 3 wins & 10 nominations. See more awards » Videos Bertrand Tavernier is in top form with this gripping, superbly mounted drama set against the savage Catholic/Protestant wars that ripped France apart in the 16th century. Based on a novella... See full summary » Director: Bertrand Tavernier \"Marius\" takes place in Marseilles' Old Port, at the La Marine Bar, owned by César and his son Marius. Marius' biggest dream is to embark on one of the boats passing by his dad's bar and to... See full summary » Director: Daniel Auteuil Ariane Felder, a judge of strict morals discovers she's pregnant by Bob Nolan, a criminal wanted for murder. Director: Albert Dupontel \"Fanny\" is the second part of the \"Marseille trilogy\", made by Marcel Pagnol with the generic name of \"Marius, Fanny and César\". Fanny falls in love and is abandoned by Marius. Now she ... See full summary » Director: Daniel Auteuil 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.7/10 X Transport Minister Bertrand Saint-Jean is awoken in the middle of the night by his head of staff. A bus has gone off the road into a gully. He has no choice but to go to the scene of the ... See full summary » Director: Pierre Schoeller The trials and tribulations of a French couple's efforts to adopt an orphan baby in Cambodia. Director: Bertrand Tavernier A young woman makes a surprising discovery about the husband of her late best friend. Director: François Ozon The story of the marriage between Michel and Lena, as told by their daughter Anne, with reflections on the mystery of abiding love. Director: Diane Kurys Mrs. Gallienne, a rather temperamental upper middle-class lady, has three children, two of whom she considers as her sons and another she calls Guillaume. Logically indeed, the latter ... See full summary » Director: Guillaume Gallienne There is something strange - some would even say abnormal - about the Malaussène family. But if you take a closer look, no one could be happier than this cheerfully chaotic family, even ... See full summary » Director: Nicolas Bary A historical drama that depicts the relationship between Dietrich von Choltitz, the German military governor of occupied Paris, and Swedish consul-general Raoul Nordling. Director: Volker Schlöndorff Edit Storyline Alexandre Taillard de Vorms is tall and impressive, a man with style, attractive to women. He also happens to be the Minister of Foreign Affairs for the land of enlightenment: France. With his silver mane and tanned, athletic body, he stalks the world stage, from the floor of the United Nations in New York to the powder keg of Oubanga. There, he calls on the powerful and invokes the mighty to bring peace, to calm the trigger-happy, and to cement his aura of Nobel Peace Prize winner-in-waiting. Alexandre Taillard de Vorms is a force to be reckoned with, waging his own war backed up by the holy trinity of diplomatic concepts: legitimacy, lucidity",
"role": "assistant"
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trivia_qa_1505819
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; What Russian empress had affairs with many men?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "8 Things You Didn’t Know About Catherine the Great - History in the Headlines 8 Things You Didn’t Know About Catherine the Great July 9, 2012 By Barbara Maranzani Share this: 8 Things You Didn’t Know About Catherine the Great Author 8 Things You Didn’t Know About Catherine the Great URL Google Catherine II of Russia (1729-1796) was one of history's most unlikely rulers. After marrying into Russia's Romanov family, she found herself part of a coup to unseat her husband and place her on the throne. The achievements of her reign, which lasted for 34 years, have often been overshadowed by her personal life, one of the most scandalous of her—or any—era. However, behind the rumor and gossip lay one of the most astute and skillful rulers in Russia's long, turbulent history. Here are some facts you may not know about Catherine the Great. 1. Catherine the Great’s name wasn’t Catherine, and she wasn’t even Russian. The woman whom history would remember as Catherine the Great, Russia’s longest-ruling female leader, was actually the eldest daughter of an impoverished Prussian prince. Born in 1729, Sophie von Anhalt-Zerbst enjoyed numerous marital prospects due to her mother’s well-regarded bloodlines. In 1744, 15-year-old Sophie was invited to Russia by Czarina Elizabeth, a daughter of Peter the Great who had assumed the Russian throne in a coup just three years earlier. The unmarried and childless Elizabeth had chosen her nephew Peter as heir and was now in search of his bride. Sophie, well trained by her ambitious mother and eager to please, made an immediate impact on Elizabeth, if not her intended husband. The marriage took place on August 21, 1745, with the bride (a new convert to Orthodox Christianity) now bearing the name Ekaterina, or Catherine. 2. Catherine’s eldest son—and heir—may have been illegitimate. Catherine and her new husband had a rocky marriage from the start. Though the young Prussian princess had been imported to produce an heir, eight years passed without a child. Some historians believe Peter was unable to consummate the marriage, while others think he was infertile. Desperately unhappy in their married lives, Peter and Catherine both began extramarital affairs, she with Sergei Saltykov, a Russian military officer. When Catherine gave birth to a son, Paul, in 1754, gossips murmured that Saltykov—not Peter—had fathered him. Catherine herself gave credence to this rumor in her memoirs, going so far as to say that Empress Elizabeth had been complicit in permitting Catherine and Saltykov’s relationship. While historians today believe that Catherine’s claims were simply an attempt to discredit Peter and that he was indeed Paul’s father, there is little debate over the paternity of Catherine’s three additional children: It’s believed that none of them were fathered by Peter. Catherine the Great on her wedding day. 3. Catherine came to power in a bloodless coup that later turned deadly. Elizabeth died in January 1762, and her nephew succeeded to the throne as Peter III, with Catherine as his consort. Eager to put his own stamp on the nation, he quickly ended Russia’s war with Prussia, an act that proved deeply unpopular to Russia’s military class. A program of liberal domestic reforms aimed at improving the lives of the poor also alienated members of the lower nobility. These unhappy factions turned to Catherine, who was also fearful of Peter’s intentions. As tensions mounted, a plan to overthrow Peter took root. When the conspiracy was uncovered in July 1762, Catherine moved quickly, gaining the support of the country’s most powerful military regiment and arranging for her husband’s arrest. On July 9, just six months after becoming czar, Peter abdicated, and Catherine was proclaimed sole ruler. However, what had began as a bloodless coup soon turned deadly. On July 17 Peter was murdered by Alexei Orlov, the brother of Catherine’s current lover Gregory. Though there is no proof that Catherine knew of the murder before it happened, it cast a pall over her reign from the start. 4. Catherine faced down more than a doz",
"role": "assistant"
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trivia_qa_1505820
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Impalas and Springboks are types of what?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Springbok | Antelope | South Africa Springbok [Antidorcas marsupialis] Appearance Rams may weigh up to 50 Kg, and ewes only up to 37 Kg. Their striking body colour renders them easily recognizable. Shoulders appear lower than the hindquarters. Cinnamon coloured upper body, white underparts and a broad dark brown stripe on either flank stretching from the front legs to the rear legs. The short white tail is brown tufted. The rump is marked by a triangular-shaped white patch, framed by a dark brown stripe with the apex on the top of the hindquarters. Horns of ewes are more slender and shorter than those of rams. Diet Springboks are selective feeders, whose diet comprises the best fodder available at any given time. They browse in the dry season and predominantly graze after the rainy season when grasses spout green. They are fond of flowers such as of Acacia, and drink water readily, but when open water is scarce, water requirements are met by eating moisture-rich tubers and roots. Breeding Mating is normally restricted to a one or two week rut, although this specie is capable to breed at any time of the year. After a gestation period of 25 weeks single lambs are born. Lambs are hidden for the first two days after birth. Most ewes breed every year, some even twice. Young are weaned at about four months and ewes become sexually mature at the age of seven months. Behaviour Only rams establish territories for mating opportunities. The exception is territorial rams, which prefer to live in the solitude of their territories. Herd composition is flexible. Habitat The Springbok live in a harsh and unpredictable environment. Calcareous pans, dry river beds and short grass savannah are preferred. They avoid areas of tall grass. Where they are found The Springbok is the most abundant antelope in the central and western parts of South Africa. Some herds are still free roaming within some of its natural range, but most are now confined to farmlands and reserves. They are a common feature in most of South Africa's national, provincial and private reserves. Field Notes Springbok in their hundreds of thousands roamed the arid regions of southern Africa at the time the first settlers arrived, but the herds were quickly decimated and today they are only found in protected areas and farms. The national rugby team of South Africa are known as the Springboks. Kruger National Park - South African Safari Customer Support Tel: +27 21 424 1037 Fax: +27 21 424 1036",
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trivia_qa_1505821
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Pteridology is the study of which type of plants?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "The study of ferns and related plants. The study of ferns and related plants. Peer Reviewed Botanical Papers Orchids - Orchid ID, care, and growth Cactus - Cactus ID, care, and growth Bromeliads - Brom ID, care, and growth Gardening - Outdoor plant care Flowers - Flower pictures If your subreddit is not listed, or you would like to suggest a subreddit, please message the mods created by maedae a community for 4 years get the best of reddit, delivered once a week email: 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy (updated) . © 2017 reddit inc. All rights reserved. REDDIT and the ALIEN Logo are registered trademarks of reddit inc. π Rendered by PID 29942 on app-294 at 2017-01-19 23:14:11.467264+00:00 running dc009a3 country code: US.",
"role": "assistant"
}
] |
trivia_qa_1505822
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[
{
"content": "Retrieve Wikipedia passages that answer the question; Which 17th century Italian scientist is best remembered for inventing the Mercury Barometer?",
"role": "user"
},
{
"content": "Evangelista Torricelli - The History of the Barometer The History of the Barometer The History of the Barometer Evangelista Torricelli invented the mercurial barometer Malcolm Piers/ The Image Bank/ Getty Images By Mary Bellis Updated February 03, 2016. Barometer - Pronunciation: [b u rom´ u t u r] - a barometer is an instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure. Two common types are the aneroid barometer and the mercurial barometer (invented first). Evangelista Torricelli invented the first barometer, known as the \"Torricelli's tube\". Biography - Evangelista Torricelli Evangelista Torricelli was born October 15, 1608, in Faenza, Italy and died October 22, 1647 in Florence, Italy. He was a physicist and mathematician. In 1641, Evangelista Torricelli moved to Florence to assist the astronomer Galileo . The Barometer It was Galileo that suggested Evangelista Torricelli use mercury in his vacuum experiments. Torricelli filled a four-foot long glass tube with mercury and inverted the tube into a dish. Some of the mercury did not escape from the tube and Torricelli observed the vacuum that was created. Evangelista Torricelli became the first scientist to create a sustained vacuum and to discover the principle of a barometer. continue reading below our video What to Do If You Can't Pay Your Student Loans Torricelli realized that the variation of the height of the mercury from day to day was caused by changes in the atmospheric pressure. Torricelli built the first mercury barometer around 1644. Evangelista Torricelli - Other Research Evangelista Torricelli also wrote on the quadrature of the cycloid and conics, the rectifications of the logarithmic spiral, the theory of the barometer, the value of gravity found by observing the motion of two weights connected by a string passing over a fixed pulley, the theory of projectiles and the motion of fluids. Lucien Vidie - Aneroid Barometer In 1843, the French scientist Lucien Vidie invented the aneroid barometer. A aneroid barometer \"registers the change in the shape of an evacuated metal cell to measure variations on the atmospheric pressure.\" Aneriod means fluidless, no liquids are used, the metal cell is usually made of phosphor bronze or beryllium copper. Related Instruments An altimeter is an aneroid barometer that measures altitude. Meteorologists use an altimeter that measures the altitude with respect to sea level pressure. A barograph is an aneroid barometer that gives a continuous reading of atmospheric pressures on graph paper.",
"role": "assistant"
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] |
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